E-ISSN:2456-3110

Research Article

Gandhak

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2022 Volume 7 Number 3 April
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method and Pharmaceutico-analytical Study of Gandhak Taila cream

Sheth S.1, Asore G.2, Tambe P.3*
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.7.3.6

1 Sachin S. Sheth, Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, APM’s Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

2 Gangaprasad R. Asore, HOD & Associate Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, APM’s Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

3* Pooja A. Tambe, Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, APM’s Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Gandhak has been used as a potent medicine in Ayurvedic system of treatment for various kinds of skin manifestations of different as well as bacterial origin. Gandhak can be used internally or/and tropically in different dosage form. Various methods of Gandhak Taila preparation are described in a Rasatarangini. Purified Gandhak has fungicidal, bactericidal, anti-parasitic effect and mainly used in various skin diseases like dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema, internally-arthritis, chronic cough

Keywords: Gandhak, Sulphur, Taila, Patalyantra, Ayurveda

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Pooja A. Tambe, Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, APM’s Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Sion, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Email: 		Sachin S. Sheth, Gangaprasad R. Asore, Pooja A. Tambe, Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method and Pharmaceutico-analytical Study of Gandhak Taila cream. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(3):41-46.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1741

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-03-01 2022-02-02 2022-03-09 2022-03-16 2022-03-23
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 17%

© 2022by Sachin S. Sheth, Gangaprasad R. Asore, Pooja A. Tambeand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(3)41
Sheth S et al: Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method

Introduction

Ayurveda is one of the oldest systems of medicine with its root in India which is called the ancient science of life. In Ayurveda, a healthy is described as a condition where the Tridoshas present in the body and mind are in an equilibrium state.

Ayurveda is a holistic and integral system of medicine that treats the person as a whole in combination with body, mind and soul giving importance to prevention and maintenance of health along with curing the disease promoting longevity of life.

Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana is the branch of Ayurveda which deals with herbal and herbo-mineral drugs for therapeutic use. Some of these drugs which have unique attributes, these unique attributes needs to be validate and explored using the scientific and technological advances of today's world.

Bhaishajya Kalpana explains various methods of processing a drug to make the drug more palatable, rich with potency, pleasing with good odor, colour etc. and long lasting to improve the shelf life of the preparation.

It is based on the concept of Panchavidha Kashay Kalpana the five basic forms of formulations. The primary Kalpana: Swaras, Kalka, Kwath, Hima and Phanta and the secondary Kalpana; Ksheer Kalpana, Sneha Kalpana.

In Gandhak Taila preparation, Sulphur is converted into stable liquified state. Gandhak Taila Kalpana was explained by many Acharyas. Rasatarangini has explained one of the methods of Gandhak Taila preparation by Patalyantra. Extraction of oil is done by this method.

The present study is to prepare Gandhak taila and cream, and the Physico-chemical standards of Gandhak Taila cream. The drugs used in Gandhak Taila are Gandhak, Palash beej (seeds), Aja Dugdha (Goat milk).

Materials and Methods

Gandhak Taila is prepared by the reference Rasatarangini. For the preparation of Gandhak Taila, raw materials were collected from the local market and subjected to the standardization based on the data provided in Ayurveda pharmacopoeia.

(A) Raw Materials

The samples were collected under the supervision of our unit head.

Ingredients of Gandhak Taila

SN Raw Drug Quantity
1. Palash Beej (Palash seeds) 400 gm
2. Aja Dugdha (Goat Milk 500 ml
3. Gandhak (sulphur) 25 gm
4. Go-Dugdha (Cow milk) 500 ml
5. Go-Ghrit (Cow ghee) 250 gm

(B) Apparatus

The apparatus used in this experiment is Patalyantra. It is useful to extract oil from raw material 

Apparatus for Taila Patan comprises

  • Kach Kupi (Glass bottle)- capacity: 500 ml
  • One rectangular vessel
  • collecting glass beaker - capacity:250 ml   
  • Metal wire
  • Stainless steel mesh
  • Cloths
  • Multani Mitti

(C) Preparation of Patalyantra

  • Instead of digging a pit, a similar arrangement was created in the following way:
  • A rectangular shaped steel vessel is taken instead of earthen pot and a hole was done at the base of it with the help of cutter, through which the mouth of Kachkupi can partially pass. 
  • Tripod is made with the help of 9 bricks of size 3x6x3.
  • Then Kachkupi was inserted in an inverted position through the hole made at the base of the vessel. (Previously, Kachkupi (Glass bottle) was covered with Mritalepita Vastra and allowed for sun drying. This procedure was done for 7 times)
  • Multani Mitti was used to seal the gap between Kachkupi’s mouth and rectangular vessel.
  • Cowdung cakes were arranged layer wise around
  • Collecting beaker was placed properly below the mouth of the

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(3)42
Sheth S et al: Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method
  • Cowdung cakes were ignited from the bottom layer and allowed for complete burning.

Method of preparation of Gandhak Taila

1. Palash seeds were taken, cleaned properly & then crushed.

2. Crushed seeds were kept in goat milk for soaking, then kept for sun drying. Seeds dried after about 5-6 days.

3. Gandhak Shodhan was done in Go-Ghrita (cow ghee) and Go-dugdha for 7 times. Shodhit Gandhak (purified sulphur) was powdered.

4. Dried and crushed seeds, powdered Gandhak were mixed properly and filled in the Kachkupi. The mouth of Kachkupi was closed with stainless steel mesh and tied tightly with metal wire.

5. The Kachkupi was placed inverted in the vessel in such a position that mouth inserts through that round shaped opening. Gap was sealed by Multani Mitti.

6. Collecting beaker was placed properly below mouth of Kachkupi.

7. Cowdung cakes are arranged layer wise around the Kachkupi. The lower most layer was ignited first and allowed for complete burning.

8. After 30 minutes of burning, fumes started appearing at the mouth of Kachkupi. Oil started collecting drop wise.

9. Approximately 50 ml Gandhak Taila was collected in the beaker.

Preparation of Gandhak Taila Cream

Gandhak Taila cream was prepared by using Gandhak Taila according to the procedure mentioned in a textbook of cosmetic formulations.

Composition of Gandhak Taila cream

SN Raw Drug Quantity Taken
1. Gandhak Tail 40 ml
2. E. wax 8 gm
3. Stearic acid 8 gm
4. Distilled water 60 ml
5.  EDTA 0.5 gm
Total Quantity Obtained 60 gm

Demineralized water was taken in a container and heated in a water bath. Preservative (EDTA) was added to it and stirred till it dissolves. This is mixture A.

Gandhak Taila is taken in another container and heated in a water bath. E-wax, stearic acid added to the mixture and stirred till it dissolves. This is mixture B.

Mixture A and B are mixed when at equal temperature. Blended it till cream gets formed.

Observation and Results

Semisolid consistency cream was obtained. 60 gm of brown coloured Gandhak Taila cream was obtained.

Observation and Results of Gandhak Taila (GT)

Date of starting of GT 09/04/2022
Date of completion 09/04/2022
Fuel used 30 Cow Dung Cakes
Weight of cow dung cakes 3 Kg
Quantity of ingredients 425 gm
Quantity of GT Obtained 50 ml
Time taken for the extraction of GT 3 hours

Analytical study of Gandhak Taila cream

In present study, analytical evaluation of Gandhak Taila cream was carried out. The samples were analyzed first of all on the basis of organoleptic characters. Physico-chemical parameters such as rancidity, pH, and total acidity, loss on drying and microbial contamination were done at Shree Dhootpapeshwar Ayurvedic Research Foundation, Panvel.

Observation and Results of Gandhak Taila cream

Analytical values of Gandhak Taila cream

SN Test Values
1. Colour Dark Brown
2. Odour Charred
3. Rancidity Complies
4. Total Acidity 1.98 %
5. pH 5.48
6. Loss On Drying 71.46

Microbial Contamination

SN Test Values
1. TPC Count 720 cfu/ml
2. TYMC Count < 10 cfu/ml
3. E. Coli Absent
4. P.aeruginosa Absent
5. S.typhi. Absent
6. S.aureus. Absent

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(3)43
Sheth S et al: Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method

jaims_1741_01.JPG

jaims_1741_02.JPG

jaims_1741_03.JPG

jaims_1741_04.JPG

jaims_1741_05.JPG

jaims_1741_06.JPG

jaims_1741_07.JPG

jaims_1741_08.JPG


Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(3)44
Sheth S et al: Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method

jaims_1741_09.JPG

jaims_1741_10.JPG

jaims_1741_11.JPG

Discussion

Raw materials procured from authentic source that give optimum results as if reflects in physicochemical analytical studies of raw materials pass the Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia standards. An organoleptic study shows that appearance, odor and touch is acceptable to go for further analysis and clinical use.

Gandhak Taila preparation is described by different Acharyas. Rasatarangini has described Gandhak Taila preparation by Patalyantra method.

Gandhak Taila is a herbo-mineral preparation which is applied tropically for healing various types of skin

diseases as well as can be consumed internally with Rasasindoor.

Palash beej has antioxidant properties when applied tropically. It effectively reduces skin allergies, fungal growth.

Gandhak Taila is an oil base sample, which is used locally mostly to the skin diseases. Gandhak Taila cream is able to prohibit various types of skin diseases.

Clinical study of Gandhak Taila and Gandhak Taila cream can be done on patients and is analytically found to be safe for external use.

Conclusion

The formulated cream has the analytical values within the normal limits, which was mentioned in literature of Gandhak Taila, as the Gandhak Taila works against Skin diseases. Oil plays an important role in preserving the structure of the skin. We need both oils and water in order to hydrate the skin efficiently. So, the aim of the cream preparation is to provide alternative to oil. Analytical parameters show it is safe for external application.

Reference

1. Rasatarangini by Pandit Kashinathashastrina, Yantravidnyaniya chaturtha tarang, Motilal Banarasidas Varanasi, 8th Edition 2014 ,8th Adhyay, Shlok no 105-108,pg.No.193

2. Rasatarangini by Pandit Kashinathashastrina, Yantravidnyaniya chaturtha tarang, Motilal Banarasidas Varanasi, 8th Edition 2014, 4th Adhyay, shloka 47-52, pg 58-59

3. Rasatarangini by Pandit Kashinathashastrina, Yantravidnyaniya chaturtha tarang, Motilal Banarasidas Varanasi, 8th Edition 2014 8th chapter, shloka 7-12, pg 176

4. Gaurav kumar textbook of cosmetic formulations, pg no. 57

5. Priyavat Sharma,Dhanvantari Nighantu,Chaukhamba Orientalia Varanasi, 3rd edition, 2005, pg 506

6. Sharangadhara; Sharangadhara Samhita with commentaries by Dr. Brahmanand Tripathi, Madhyama Khand,9, Verse 1, Chaukhambha SurbharatiPrakashan, Varanasi, Reprint Edition 2001, Pg. No. 218


Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(3)45
Sheth S et al: Preparation of Gandhak Taila by Patalyantra method

7. Sachin S. Sheth, Gangaprasad R. Asore, Kiran Sudhakar Darade. Pharmaceutico-Analytical study of Karanjadi Taila and its conversion into cream. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2020;5:245-249.

8. Rasatarangini by Pandit Kashinathashastrina, Yantravidnyaniya chaturtha tarang, Motilal Banarasidas Varanasi, 8th Edition 2014, Shlok no 47-52,pg.No.56.

9. Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India Part 1, volume VII,Appendix 2,3,Government of India Ministry of Healthand family welfare, Department of AYUSH 2007, PageNo--243, 213, 290, 300, 299, 298, 290-291, 301.

10. Sushruta, Sushrut Samhita Part I, edited by Kaviraj Ambika Dutt Shastri Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi 12th Edition 2001.

11. Vagbhatta, Ashtang Hridyam, commentary by Kaviraj Atridev Gupt, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi 8 th Edition 1982.

12. Pandit Kasinath Shastri and Gorakha Nath Chaturvedi, Charak Samhita Part I Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi 21st Edition 1995.

13. Review on Goat Milk Composition and its Nutritive Values. Journal of Nutrition and Health Sciences Volume 3, Issue 4.

14. Rasa Vagbhatacharya, Rasaratnasamucchya, Chapter3. edited by Prof. D.A. Kulkarni, Mahendra Lakhamadas Publications, 2006.


Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(3)46