E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Dooshivisha

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2022 Volume 7 Number 3 April
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Conceptual study of Dooshivisha with special reference to Mobile Radiations

Shreeraksha N.1*, Bharati A.2, Hussain G.3
DOI:

1* N Shreeraksha, Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Agada Tantra, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.

2 Ashwinikumar S Bharati, Professor, Department of Agada Tantra, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.

3 Gazala Hussain, Associate Professor, Department of Rasashastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.

Agada Tantra is one of the eight facets of Ayurveda that deals with toxicology and its treatment. Various types of poisons and its concepts are dealt, one among it is Dooshivisha. Dooshivisha is a concept that constantly pollutes the bodily tissues on account of various factors such as geographical condition, time, diet and day-sleep. They are relevant to the current way of life considering the more consumption of junk foods, cold drinks, unhealthy travelling habits, working late nights, working with computers in AC rooms. Now a day’s, mobile or cell phones are an integral part of modern telecommunications in every individual’s life. As billions of people use mobile phones globally, a small increase in the incidence of adverse effects on health could have major public health implications on long term basis. This article aims to understand and co-relate the impacts of mobile radiations with special reference to Dooshivisha.

Keywords: Ayurveda, Dooshivisha, Radiations, Visha

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
N Shreeraksha, Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Agada Tantra, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Email: 		N Shreeraksha, Ashwinikumar S Bharati, Gazala Hussain, Conceptual study of Dooshivisha with special reference to Mobile Radiations. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(3):92-94.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1781

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-02-24 2022-02-26 2022-02-05 2022-03-12 2022-03-19
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 19%

© 2022by N Shreeraksha, Ashwinikumar S Bharati, Gazala Hussainand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Shreeraksha N et al: Dooshivisha with special reference to Mobile Radiations

Introduction

Ayurveda is an ancient science which deals with promotion of health and also prevention of disease. There are eight facets of Ayurveda, among which a specialized branch called Agada tantra deals with the management of toxicity. This specialized branch has given the novel concept of Dooshivisha which is a transformable state of Visha (Toxins) which can be attained by any type of poison, if it is not eliminated from the body completely.[1]

Dooshivisha is a low potent poisonous substance which resides in body and vitiates dhatu when conditions are favorable. Dooshivisha are any kind of poison originating from inanimate or animate sources or any artificial poison retained in the body after partial expulsion or which has provisionally undergone medication or which is devoid of natural supplements or nutrition.[2]

A literary review was carried out from classical Ayurveda text and recent research articles to put light on Dooshivisha.

Any substance, be it plant, animal origin or other form which following treatment has not been eliminated from the body completely gets converted into a Dooshivisha. According to Acharya Sushruta, any poison which has become old, inadequately neutralized and which by its nature itself is not endowed well, with all properties of Visha can be identified as Dooshivisha. As this Dooshivisha is less virulent, it does not produce any immediate symptoms in the body but gets enveloped by the Kapha and lies dormant in the body for several years.

Prodromal symptoms

Sleepiness, heaviness, yawning, a sense of looseness in the joints, horripilation and body ache.[3]

Manifestation of symptoms of Dooshivisha depends on some favorable conditions: mainly involves life style behaviors which include improper diet, constant day sleep and indigestion. Other conditions are depending on the environment such as on exposure to particular place, wind from east and cold breeze.

Symptoms of Dooshivisha

Though it is of mild potency, it is not be neglected, since it continues to exist in the body for

many years. The symptoms manifest both in acute and chronic stage. With respect to mobile radiations, chronic features of Dooshivisha can be considered. Presents with the symptoms like hair loss, emaciation, appearance of a wingless bird, or will lead to different kinds of abnormal diseases. The toxin cumulatively deposited in particular Dhatu (tissue) then that tissue is more prone to produce cancer. Weakened Dhatus and Dhatwagni were highlighted as important Ayurvedic concepts in the pathophysiology of cancer.[4]

Due to low potency and also due to Awarana (enveloping) action by Kapha, it does not cause sudden death. It is retained in the body for a long period without producing any grave or fatal symptoms. It slowly vitiates the Dosha & then vitiates Rasa-Raktadi Dhatu (tissue).[5]

Same pathology is seen in cancer. After long term exposure to carcinogenic substances, Rasaraktadi Dhatu (tissue) get vitiated which causes the mutation of cells.

In present day, different form of toxins accumulating in body can be collectively termed as Dooshivisha, and radiation is also one factor. Use of mobile phones is rampant and many are addicted to it; with little knowledge that the radiation produced from them get accumulated inside body and produces symptoms after long exposure.

Mobile phones emit radiofrequency energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues close to the phone.[6] This is a low-energy radiation that may or may not harm the brain in the long run. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has therefore classified radiofrequency (RF) radiation as a possible human carcinogen.[7] 

In Ayurveda these ill effects produced by mobile radiations can be correlated with Dooshivisha symptoms where different symptoms regarding different systems are observed.

The Health Evidence Network (HEN) initiated and coordinated by the WHO Regional Office for Europe. They reported by assessing the clinical effects of daily exposure to mobile phones in general populations. It addresses the impact on developing head and brain tumours, other morbidity-related outcomes and summarizes the biological effects of RF and microwave radiation.


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Research updates on Biological and physiological effects of radiation[8,9]

Experimental research studies of volunteers, animals and in vitro, cell-based techniques provide information on the biological effects of RF and microwave fields is very broad.

The biological effects observed on the cardiovascular, endocrine and immune systems and on the behavior of animals studied seem to be thermal effects of acute exposure to RF and microwave radiation, with increases of at least 1°C or 2°C in temperature needed to produce these effects.

The studies cover the effects of RF and microwave radiation between 100 MHz and 60 GHz and focus both on the functional changes in the brain (influence of exposure to RF and microwave fields on the head) and on carcinogenic processes, reproduction and development, the cardiovascular system and longevity (as a result of whole-body exposure to RF and microwave fields).

The exposure to RF or microwave radiation from mobile phones is associated with a risk of cancer. Priority is given to epidemiological studies of the relationship between the use of mobile phones and the incidence of brain tumors, salivary gland tumors, and acoustic neuromas and other head and neck tumors, leukemia and lymphomas.

Discussion

Concept of Dooshivisha in Ayurveda is very unique and applicable to present condition of the universe. Dooshivisha is relevant to the current way of life considering the lifestyle and engrained use of electronic gadgets, mobile phones being one. Now a days people are addicted to mobile or cell phones in such a way that they become a most integral part of life. Radiations produced by mobile phones are non-ionizing electromagnetic radiations which are less harmful. In the same way, Dooshivisha is less virulent but on repeated exposure, they accumulate inside the body. Human bodies, with the aid of their immune, nervous or endocrine systems, can effectively resist some external pressures, adapt to them and maintain the stability (homeostasis) disrupted by those changes. But Cumulative toxins accumulate in human being and exist for several years produced long term hazards. Long-term exposure to these radiations may

adversely affect cognitive ability, socio-emotional skills, disturbed sleep, mental laziness, etc.

The term Jeerna is mentioned in Dooshivisha that denotes the time taken by the toxin to manifest the symptoms in the body. In initial period of exposure, there is no appearance of symptoms. Here, this can be corelated with the long-term impact of radiations produced by the long-term usage of mobile phones. Hence, the hazards produced by them can be of nervous system and cancer.

Conclusion

Dooshivisha a cumulative toxin that can be well corelated and understood with the radiations called non-ionizing radiations emitted from the mobile or cell phones. Dooshivisha and non-ionizing radiations are less virulent on initial exposure but on long term exposure due to accumulation of toxins inside the body produces harmful effects to the dhatu (tissues) of the body and thus affects the several systems of the body.

Reference

1. S. Chalakh. Cancer in perspective of dooshivisha (latent poisoning) w.s.r. to possible role of Dooshivishari agada in treating cancer. IJAPC, 2018; 9(2): 383-394

2. Pattanaik J.1st ed, Agada Tantra Text Book of Ayurveda Toxicology. Chaukhamba Surabharati Prakashan. Varanasi. 2019.

3. Acharya J T, editor, 2014, Nibandhasangraha Commentry of Sri Dalhanacharya on Sushrutha Samhita of kalpa sthana; sthavaravishavignaneeya adhyaya: chapter 2, verse 29. Varanasi: Chaukambha surabharati prakashana, 2014; p.566.

4. Kunte AM., editor. Ashtanga Hrudaya of Vagbhatta, Uttaratantra; Vishapratishyedha Adhyaya: Chapter 35, verse 33-36. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Surabharti Prakashan; 2010. p. 904.

5. Acharya J T, editor, 2014, Nibandhasangraha Commentry of Sri Dalhanacharya on Sushrutha Samhita of kalpa sthana; sthavaravishavignaneeya adhyaya: chapter 2, verse 26. Varanasi: Chaukambha surabharati prakashana, 2014; p.565

6. Sánchez E. What effects do mobile phones have on people’s health. WHO Regional Office for Europe’s Health Evidence Network (HEN). November 2006.


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7. Shaikh J. How Do Cell Phones Affect a Child’s Brain? Medicine Net. https://www.medicinenet.com.

8. Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones. Mobile phones and health. Oxon, United Kingdom, Expert Group on Mobile Phones, 2000 (http://www.iegmp.org.uk/report/text.htm, accessed 15 September 2006).

9. Krewski D et al. Recent advances in research on radiofrequency fields and health. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews, 2001, 4:145–159.


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