E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Udarda

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2022 Volume 7 Number 6 July
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Literary review on etiopathology and principal management of Udarda

Sharma P.1*
DOI:

1* Puneet Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Samhita and Siddhant, Shiva Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, Himachal Pradesh, India.

In Ayurveda, Udarda has been described along with treatment in classical texts for benefit of human kind. The description of Udarda along with treatment as single chapter is not found in Charak and Sushruta Samhita. The details of Udarda as a separate chapter are given Madhavnidana, Chakradutta and various other texts. Udarda has Kapha dominance and can be treated with various Kapha Shamak Yoga given by Acharyas.

Keywords: Udarda, Sheetpitta, Kotha, Ayurveda

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Puneet Sharma, Assistant Professor, Department of Samhita and Siddhant, Shiva Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital, , Himachal Pradesh, India.
Email: 		Puneet Sharma, Literary review on etiopathology and principal management of Udarda. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(6):181-185.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1956

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-05-30 2022-05-31 2022-06-07 2022-06-14 2022-06-21
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 18%

© 2022by Puneet Sharmaand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(6)181
Sharma P: Etiopathology and principal management of Udarda

Introduction

Acharaya Madhav has defined Udarda a disease having predominance of Kapha Dosha and aggravated in Shishsir Ritu[1] with symptoms as Raag, Kandu, Utsang and Mandal.[2]

Acharya Charaka has quoted Udarda in Purvarupa of Unmada[3] and in Rupa of Kapahja Jvara[4] by Acharya Vagbhata. Acharya Chakrapani has specified the meaning of Udarda having Spandan or Ruja in Urah-Pradesh.[5]

Acharya Vagbhata has quoted Udarda as symptom of Kaphaja Jvara.[6] Acharaya Arundutta while commenting on Udarda has denoted it like Shotha which is the outcome of Sheet and Paniya Sansparsh especially in Shishsir Ritu.[7]

Aims and Objectives

To scrutinize the classical texts to find out the significant aetiological factors, Pathology and principle management of Udarda.

Plan of study: The available literature has been scrutinized for the differential diagnosis of Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha.

Conceptual Study

Nidana of Udarda: Nidana are the cause which are responsible for the manifestation of the disease. Sheetpitta and Udarda are caused by Sheet Maruta Sansparsha. Acharya Madhav has added aggravation of Udarda in Shishir Ritu.[8]

Purvarupa: Purvarupa are the pre monitor symptoms that precedes the actual manifestation of disease. Purvarupa of Udarda are:-[9]

1. Pipasa

2. Aruchi

3. Hrilasa

4. Dehsada

5. Ang-gaurav

6. Raktlochanta

Rupa: Rupa of Udarda are described as follows.[10]

1. Varti-Dasht-Samsthan Sotha.

2. Kandu

3. Todda

4. Chhardi

5. Jvara

6. Vidaha

Samprapti: The Doshas get vitiated after Nidana Sevana and spread throughout the body and thus cause disease.

Samprapti of a disease starts from Nidana Sevana causing Doshadushti to Vyakti of Lakshana of disease.

Acharya Madhav, Chakradutta and Bhavprakash have given the same Samprapti of Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha.

Sheeta Maruta Sansparshan cause Pradushti of Vata and Kapha Dosha which then mixes with Pitta Osha and spreads internally and externally and results into Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha.[11]

Chikitsa

  • Abhyang with Sarshap Taila and Swedan with Ushanambu is[12] Abhyang with Sarsap Taila is Vaat Nashak. Sarsap Taila is Ushna and does not increase Kapha Dosha.[13]
  • Vaman with Patola and Arishta causes Kapha Nashan as Vaman Karma helps in normalizing vitiated Kapha Dosha in [14]
SN Contents Rasa Guna Virya Vipaka
1. Patol [15] Tikta Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Katu
2. Arisht (Nimb)[16] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu Sheeta Katu

Patol and Arisht both have Kaphanashak Guna, Rasa and Vipaka. Patol has Ushana Virya. Thus, both helps in normalizing vitiated Kapha Dosha.

Virechan with Triphala, Gugglu (Pura) and Pippali (Krishna).[17] According to Acharya Susruta, Triphala is Kaph-Pitta Ghani.[18]

Drug Rasa Guna Virya Vipaka
Guggul[19] Tikta, Katu Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna, Vishad, Suksham, Sara, Sugandhi Ushna Katu
Pippali[20] Katu Laghu, Snigdha and Tikshna Anushna-Sheeta Katu

Tikshana, Ushna, Ruksha Guna of Gugglu are Kaphashamak. Rasa, Virya and Vipaka are also Kaphanashak.

Rasa and Vipaka of Pippali are Kaphanashak. Laghu and Tikshana Guna are also against Kapha Dosha.


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Sharma P: Etiopathology and principal management of Udarda

Virechan with Triphala and Gugglu helps in Udarda by treating vitiated Kapha Dosha.

Virechan with Triphala and Madhu help in treating Udarda by their Kaphashamak effect.[21] Triphala has Kapho-Pittashamak Guna and Madhu is Ruksha and Laghu which help in normalizing Kapaha Dosha.[22]

Navkarshik Kwatha is also advised in Udarda.[23] According to Acharya Sharagdhar, it's Rogadhikar is Vaatrakta.

SN Contents Rasa Guna Veerya Vipaka
1. Haritaki[24] Kashaya, Madhur,Amla, Katu, Tikta Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Madhur
2. Vibhitaki[25] Kashaya Ruksha, Laghu Ushna Madhur
3. Amlaki[26] Amla, Madhur, Katu, Tikta, Kashaya Guru, Ruksha, Sheeta Sheeta Madhur
4. Nimb[27] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu Sheeta Katu
5. Manjistha[28] Tikta, Kashaya, Madhur Guru, Ruksha Ushna Katu
6. Vacha[29] Katu, Tikta Laghu, Tikshna Ushna Katu
7. Katukrohini[30] Tikta Laghu, Ruksha Sheeta Katu
8. Vatsadni (Guduchi) [31] Tikta, Kashaya Guru, Sanigdha Ushna Madhur
9. Daruharidra[32] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu ,Ruksha Ushna Katu

Predominant Rasa in Navkarshik Kwatha are Tikta and Kashaya which are Kaphashamak.

Most of the contents have Laghu and Ruksha guna. Six contents have Ushna Veerya. Five contents have Katu Vipaka. Overall effect of Navkarshik Kwatha is Kaphashamak.

Amritadi Kwatha[33]

SN Contents Rasa Guna Veerya Vipaka
1. Amrita[34] Tikta, Kashaya Guru, Snigdha Ushna Madhur
2. Vasa[35] Tikta, Kashaya Ruksha, Laghu Sheeta Katu
3. Patol[36] Tikta Laghu, Ruksha Ushna Katu
4. Mustak[37] Katu, Tikta, Kashaya Laghu, Ruksha Sheeta Katu
5. Saptparn[38] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu, Sanigdha Ushna Katu
6. Khadir[39] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu, Ruksha Sheeta Katu
7. Asit vetra[40] Katu Laghu Sheeta Katu
8. Nimb[41] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu Sheeta Katu
9. Haridra[42] Tikta, Katu Ruksha, Laghu Ushna Katu
10. Daruharidra[43] Tikta, Kashaya Laghu,Ruksha Ushna Katu

Contents of Amritaadi Kwatha have Katu, Tikta and Kashaya Rasa which are Kaphshamak. Laghu and Ruksha Gunas are predominant in Amritaadi Kwatha. Katu Vipaka is present in all contents except Guduchi. Hence, overall effect of Amritaadi Kwatha is Kaphashamak.

Guda and Dipyika (Yawani) with Pathyaahar helps in managing Udarda in a week.[44]

Drug Rasa Guna Veerya Vipaka
Yawani[45] Katu, Tikta Laghu, Ruksha, Tikshna Ushna Katu

Rasa, Guna, Veerya and Vipaka of Yawani are Kaphashamak.

Pathya - Apathya: The drugs and regimens which do not adversely affect the body and mind are regarded as Pathya and those which affect adversely to them are considered as Apathya. [46] Pathya and Apathya have a great role in the management of any disease.

Pathya[47]

Shali-Dhanya, Mudga, Kulatha, Karvellaka, Upodika, Vetraagra, Ushna Ambu and Pitta-Kapha Nashak Yoga are Pathya in Udarda.

Apathya[48]

Snaan, Atapsevana, Amala Rasa, Guru Ahar are Apathya in Udarda.

Discussion

Acharya Madhav has described Udarda as a disease having Kapha dominance and gets aggravated in Shishir Ritu. In Chikitsa it can be seen that various contents which were used, were having Kaphashamak effect. Pitta and Kapha Shamak Yoga has been advised in Pathya. Guru Aahar and Amla Rasa has been contraindicated in Udarda.

Conclusion

Udarda is Kapha Pradhan Vyadhi which can be diagnosed on the basis of Lakshan given by Acharyas. Various Kapha Shamak Yoga given by Acharyas can be used here.

Reference

1. Shastri B. Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha Nidanam, Chapter 50, Verse 5. Madhavnidanam. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2012, p.284.

2. Shastri B. Sheetpitta,Udarda and Kotha Nidanam, Chapter 50, Verse 5. Madhavnidanam. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2012, p.284.

3. Kushwaha H. Unmad Nidanam Adhyaya, Nidansthan , Chapter 7, Verse 6. Chakrapani teeka on Charaka Samhita. Chaukhamba Orientalia. 2018, p.571-572.


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Sharma P: Etiopathology and principal management of Udarda

4. Kunte A, Ramchandra K, Navre S, et al. Jvar Nidanam Adhayaya, Nidansthan, Chapter 2, Verse 22. Arundutta and Hemadri teeka on Asthang Hridaya. In: Paradkara S, editor. Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan. 2016, p. 450.

5. Kushwaha H. Unmad Nidanam Adhyaya, Nidansthan , Chapter 7, Verse 6. Chakrapani teeka on Charaka Samhita. Chaukhamba Orientalia. 2018, p.571-572.

6. Kunte A, Ramchandra K, Navre S, et al. Jvar Nidanam Adhayaya, Nidansthan, Chapter 2, Verse 22. Arundutta and Hemadri teeka on Asthang Hridaya. In: Paradkara S, editor. Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan. 2016, p. 450.

7. Kunte A, Ramchandra K, Navre S, et al. Jvar Nidanam Adhayaya, Nidansthan, Chapter 2, Verse 22. Arundutta and Hemadri teeka on Asthang Hridaya. In: Paradkara S, editor. Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan. 2016, p. 450.

8. Shastri B. Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha Nidanam, Chapter 50, Verse 1-5. Madhavnidanam. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2012, p.283-284.

9. Shastri B. Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha Nidanam, Chapter 50, Verse 1-5. Madhavnidanam. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2012, p.283-284.

10. Shastri B. Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha Nidanam, Chapter 50, Verse 3-5. Madhavnidanam. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2012, p.283-284.

11. Shastri B. Sheetpitta, Udarda and Kotha Nidanam, Chapter 50, Verse 1. Madhavnidanam. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2012, p.283-284.

12. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 1. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

13. Kushwaha H. Sneha Adhyaya, Sutrasthan , Chapter 13, Verse 15, Chakrapani teeka on Charak Samhita. Chaukhamba Orientalia. 2018, p. 201.

14. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 1. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

15. Ambikaduttashastri. Dravyasangrahniya Adhyaya, Chapter 38, Verse 57. Sushruta Samhita. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2018, p. 188.

16. Sharma P. Medhyadi Varga, Chapter 1, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.54-55

17. Sharma P. Chhedanadi Varga, Chapter 4, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.277

18. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 2. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

19. Ambikaduttashastri. Dravyasangrahniya Adhyaya, Chapter 38, Verse 57. Sushruta Samhita. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2018, p. 188.

20. Ambikaduttashastri. Dravdravyavidhi Adhyaya, Chapter 45, Verse 132. Sushruta Samhita. Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan. 2018, p. 232.

21. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 1. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

22. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.697.

23. Sharma P. Chakshusyadi Varga, Chapter 2, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.149-150.

24. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 2. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

25. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.755

26. Sharma P. Chhedanadi Varga, Chapter 4, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.240

27. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.759

28. Sharma P. Chaksusyadi Varga, Chapter 2, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.149-150.

29. Sharma P. Mutraladi Varga, Chapter 8, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.801

30. Sharma P. Medhyadi Varga, Chapter 1, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.28

31. Sharma P. Deepanadi Varga, Chapter 5, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.441–442


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32. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.762

33. Sharma P. Arshoghanadi Varga, Chapter 6, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.537

34. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 3. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

35. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.761-762

36. Sharma P. Chedanadi Varga, Chapter 4, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.242

37. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.697

38. Sharma P. Deepanadi Varga, Chapter 5, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.371

39. Sharma P. Jvarghanadi Varga, Chapter 9, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.702

40. Sharma P. Chakshusyadi Varga, Chapter 2, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.160

41. Sharma P. Medhyadi Varga, Chapter 1, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.160

42. Sharma P. Chakshusyadi Varga, Chapter 2, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.149-150.

43. Sharma P. Chakshusyadi Varga, Chapter 2, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.163

44. Sharma P. Arshoghanadi, Chapter 6, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, p.537

45. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 4. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

46. Sharma P. Deepanadi Varga , Chapter 5, Dravyaguna Vigyan, Part 2. Chaukhamba Bharti Academy. 2018, 494-495.

47. Kushwaha H. Yajjpurusheeya Adhyaya, Sutrasthan, Chapter 25, Verse 45. Chakrapani teeka on Charaka Samhita. Chaukhamba Orientalia. 2018, p.358-359.

48. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 14. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410

49. Sharma P. Udarda, Kotha and Sheetpitta Chikitsa Adhyaya, Chapter 51, Verse 15. Cakradutta. Chaukhamba orientalia. 2013, p. 410


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