E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Gridhrasi

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2022 Volume 7 Number 7 August
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Systemic review on Gridhrasi management by Parijata (Nyctanthus arbortristis)

S. Dakhole S.1*, R. Mishra B.2, J. Purohit H.3
DOI:

1* Sapana S. Dakhole, Post Graduate Scholar, Post Graduate Department of Basic Principles and Ayurvedic Compendia, Shri Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

2 Brijesh R. Mishra, Vice Principal, Professor and HOD, Post Graduate Department of Basic Principles and Ayurvedic Compendia, Shri Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

3 Harish J. Purohit, Associate Professor, Post Graduate Department of Basic Principles and Ayurvedic Compendia, Shri Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

In Ayurved treatment, many drugs and procedures are mentioned in ancient text which is followed by experts. In Ayurvedic compendia Vangasena Samhita and Chakradatta Samhita a drug Nycanthes arbortristis (Parijata) is used in Grudhrasi (sciatica) management. Gridhrasi is Vataja Nanantmak Vikar caused by vitiation of Vata. This article is an attempt to review on management of Grudhrasi by Parijata.

Keywords: Gridhrasi, Parijata, Harsingar

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Sapana S. Dakhole, Post Graduate Scholar, Post Graduate Department of Basic Principles and Ayurvedic Compendia, Shri Ayurved Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Email: 		Sapana S. Dakhole, Brijesh R. Mishra, Harish J. Purohit, Systemic review on Gridhrasi management by Parijata (Nyctanthus arbortristis). J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2022;7(7):138-141.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/1995

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-06-25 2022-06-27 2022-07-04 2022-07-11 2022-07-18
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 15%

© 2022by Sapana S. Dakhole, Brijesh R. Mishra, Harish J. Purohitand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2022;7(7)138
Dakhole S et al: Gridhrasi management by Parijata (Nyctanthus arbortristis)

Introduction

The prevalence of sciatica varies considerably ranging from 1.6% in the general population to 43% in a selected working population. Sciatica not only inflicts pain, but also causes difficulty in walking. It negatively impacts quality of life of patient and disturbs daily routine. Sciatica is very painful condition in which pain begins in lumbar region and radiates along the posterior lateral aspects of thigh and leg, in this condition patient walks with difficulty. It occurs because of spinal nerve irritation and characterized by pain in distribution of sciatic nerve.[1]

Parijata is a medicinal plant having significant hair tonic, hepatoprotective, anti-leishmaniasis, anti-viral, antifungal, anti-pyretic, anti-histaminic, anti-malarial, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities.[2]

In Ayurvedic text Parijata is used for sciatica management and emphasized the need for further exploring available information.

Methodology

Gridhrasi

Gridhra means vulture. Vulture is fond of meat and has a particular fashion of eating meat. It pierces its beak deeply in the flesh and then draws it forcefully, causing severe pain. The pain in Gridhrasi is also of the same kind, hence the name is given. Also, because of the persisting severe pain the patient has a typical gait i.e., slightly titled towards the affected side and affected leg in tilted position and another leg extended. This gait resembles with that of vulture.[3]

In this disease the patient walks like the bird Gridhra and his legs become tense and slightly curved so due to the resemblance with the gait of a vulture, Gridhrasi term might have been given to this disease. Gridhra is bird called as vulture in English. This bird is fond of meat and it eats flesh of an animal in such a fashion that he deeply pierces his beak in the flesh then draws it out forcefully. Due to persisting severe pain the patient has a typical gait i.e., slightly titled towards the affected side and affected leg in tilted position and another leg extended. This gait resembles with that of vulture. Such type of pain occurs and typical gait observed in Gridhrasi.[4]


The vitiated Vata causes stiffness in sphinx, anus, femoral, groin, back, thigh, and feet in sequence there should be pain like breaking, stiffness, and terrible pain and frequent tremors ,if yes then it is called Gridhrasi, this rheumatism is of two types Vatik and Vatakaphaj.[5]

Symptoms of Vatik Grudhrasi

In sciatica disease caused by Vata, there is pain like breaking in body, curvature of the body and there is fluttering and stiffness in their joints, thigh and femoral.[5]

Symptoms of Vatakaphaj Grudhrasi: In rheumatism caused by Vata and Kapha the body feels wet like, slowness of digestive fire, sleepiness, water falling from mouth and distaste for food are all these symptoms.[5]

Gridhrasi starts from hip and gradually comes down to waist, back, thigh, knee, shank and foot and piercing pain and also frequent quivering these symptoms are of Vata but when the disorder is caused by Vata and Kapha it is associated with drowsiness heaviness and anorexia. Kalli produces cramps in foot, shank, thigh and wrist[6]

Samprapti[8]

Accumulation of Vata by Ruksha, Sheeta, Guna (Chayaavastha)

↓

Accumulated Vata tends to become swollen and excited (Prakopavastha)

↓

Vitiated Vata propagates all over the body this process will lead to Gridhrasi of gradual onset

↓

If no treatment has been adopted even at this stage Dosha while moving throughout the body would settle in the part of body where there is pre-existing Khavaigunya, the premonitoring clinical features are only manifested at this stage. This stage is called Poorvarupavastha backache or lumbago pain observed (Sthansamsryavastha)

↓

The movement of one leg is usually impaired in Gridhrasi there is pain like breaking stiffness (Vyakti)


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Dakhole S et al: Gridhrasi management by Parijata (Nyctanthus arbortristis)

Parijata (Nyctanthus arbortristis)

Scientific Classification[9]

Kingdom: Plantae

Order: lamiales

Family: Oleaceae

Genus: Nyctanthes

Species: N. arbortristis

Synonyms: Parijatak, Ragpushpi, Harsingar, Parijata, Shefalika, Shiuli[10]

English Name: weeping nyctanthus[10]

Upyuktanga: leaves, flower, seeds, roots[10]

Rasa: Tikta[10]

Virya: Shita[10]

Vipak: Katu[10]

Dosaghnta: Kapha, Pitta[10]

Guna: Laghu, Ruksha[10]

Phyto-constituents[2]

Plant part Phyto-constituents
Bark Alkaloids, Glycosides
Flower oil Anisaldehyde, Phenyl acetaldehyde, p-cymene, 1-deconol, 1- hexanol methyl heptanone, α-pinene
Flower Apigenin, Anthocyanin, D-Mannitol, Tanninm, Glucose, Carotenoid, Essential Oil, Kaemferol, Nyctanthin, Glycosides, Quercetin, Rengylone, α-crocetin (or crocin-3), β-monogentiobioside, β-monogentiobioside-β-D, β-digentiobioside.
Leaves Ascorbic Acid, Benzoic Acid, Carotene, D-Mannitol, Flavanol Glycosides-Astragaline, Friedeline, Fructose, Glucose, Iridoid Glycosides, Lupeol, Mannitol, Methyl Salicylate, Nicotiflorin, Nyctanthic Acid, Oleanolic Acid, Tannic Acid, β-Sitosterole.
Seeds 3-4 Secotriterpene Acid, a Pale Yellow Brown Oil (15%), Arbortristoside A & B, Glycerides of Linoleic Oleic, Lignoceric, Myristic Acids, Nyctanthic Acid, Palmitic, Stearic
Stem Stem Glycoside-naringenin-4’-0-β-glucapyranosyl-α-Xylopyranoside, β-sitosteroltuents

Uses: It has antiallergy activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-aggressive activity, anti-filarial activity, anti-bacterial activity, antioxidant activity, anti-anxiety, anti-cancer activity, anti trypanosomal potential, anti-diabetic activity, anti-viral activity, anti-malarial activity, anti-parasitic activity, anti-helminthic activity, anticholinesterase activity,

anti-pyretic activity, anti-anaemic activity, hepatoprotective, sedative activity[2]

Management of Gridhrasi by Parijata

  • According to Vangasena Samhita: The decoction made by Shefalika (Parijata) leaves by heating it on slow fire when given to person diseased by Gridhrasi it destroys the disease.[11]
  • According to Chakradatta: The bark of Shefalika tree is heated on slow fire to made decoction and given to Gridhrasi patients it destroys the disease.[12]
  • According to clinical trial done on 20 patients at different centres to treat sciatica by Nycanthus arbortriis show effective result on patients by comparing before and after SLR test and pain reduced test after 7 days[13]
  • Venesection in tendocalcaneum and ankle and cauterization are applied in sciatica[7]

Conclusion

According to ancient Ayurvedic text Parijata is effective anti-sciatic drug. As sciatica is one of the most painful diseases and there is no specific treatment available on it. All the information on use of Parijata in the management of sciatica is needed to be explore further. For the Ayurvedic management of Gridhrasi.

Reference

1. Pawan Kumar Jhiginiya, Pramod Kumar Mishra, Brahmanand Sharma. Vinod Kumar Gautam, Manisha Gurjar, Shyamveer Ghuraiya. A conceptual review on sciatica (Gridhrasi) through Ayurveda. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, Volume 10, Issue 5, 275-283.

2. Pushpendra Kumar Jain, Arti Pandey. The wonder of Ayurvedic medicine - Nyctanthes arbortristis. International Journal of Herbal Medicine 2016; 4(4): 09-17

3. Sushruta Nidana Sthana 1/5-8 Sushruta Samhita, Nibandha Sangraha, Yadavji Trikamji Reprint edition 2010 Varanasi, Chaukhamba surbharti Prakashana p 257.

4. Harita Samhita chikitsasthana 5/ Harita Samhita,with Hari Hindi vyakhya by Pandit Hariprasad Tripathi Varanasi: Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, first edition, 2005,p


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5. Vangasena Samhita. Chikitsasar Sangrah by dr.rajiv kumar ray prachya prakashan, Varanasi vatvyadhiadhyay sutra 571-573

6. Charak Samhita of Agnivesha elaborated by caraka and drdhbala with the ayurved dipika commentary by shri chakrapanidatta edited by Vaidya yadavaji trikanji acharya prolonged by prof. r.h. sing chaukhabbha surbharati prakashan varansi chikitsasthan adhyay 28 sutra 56-57

7. vangasena Samhita chikitsasar sangrah by dr.rajiv kumar ray prachya prakashan, Varanasi vatvyadhiadhyay sutra 101

8. Charak Samhita of agnivesha elaborated by caraka and drdhbala with the ayurved dipika commentary by shri chakrapanidatta edited by Vaidya yadavaji trikanji acharya prolonged by prof. r.h. sing chaukhabbha surbharati prakashan varansi nidansthana adhayay 1 sutra 7 to 13

9. Anshu Kumar Singh, Akash Kumar. India Medicinal value of the leaves of Nyctanthes arbortristis: A review. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies 2022; 10(1): 205-207

10. Bavaprakash of shri bhamisra edited with the vidyotini hindi commentory by bhisagrantna pandit brahma sankara misra volume 1 chaukhmbha sankrit bhavan Varanasi guduchyadi varga parijata.

11. Vangasena Samhita chikitsasar sangrah by dr.rajiv kumar ray prachya prakashan, Varanasi vatvyadhiadhyay sutra 590

12. shri chakrapanidatta virchit chakradutta padarthbodhini hindi vyakhepet vyakhyakar vd. ravidatta shastri chaukhambha surbharti publication Varanasi vatavyadhikar adhyay22 sutra 40

13. Chawardol Seema, Jain Sapan, Akre Mrunal R. Multicenter trial on sciatica management by nycanthus arbortristis (parijat) International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ISSN:2320 5091


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