E-ISSN:2456-3110

Research Article

Kayyonyadi Taila

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2023 Volume 8 Number 1 January
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Pharmaceutical Study of Kayyonyadi Taila

V. K. R.1*, Sridurga C.2
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.1.6

1* Roshni V. K., Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, S.V. Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital T.T.D., Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

2 Ch Sridurga, Professor & Head, Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, S.V. Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital T.T.D., Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Background: Sneha Kalpana is a unique preparation of oleaginous medicine which is included under Bhaishajya Kalpana. It is again of two types Ghrita and Taila Kalpana. Kayyonyadi Taila is one such formulation which is mentioned in Chikitsa Manjari, Sahasrayogam for the management of Palithya. Kayyonnyadi Taila contains Bhringaraja, Guduchi, Amalaki, Goksheera, Tila Taila, Yastimadhu and Neelanjana. Aim: To prepare Kayyonyadi Taila, pharmaceutical study of Kayyonyadi Taila. Methods: Kayyonyadi Taila was prepared according to the general method of preparation of Taila. The pharmaceutical procedures which were adopted in this study include Swarasa Nirmana, Shodhana, Churna Nirmana, preparation of Kalka and preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila. Results: 10L of Taila was obtained as the final product with a loss of 500ml. Conclusion: The main cause of Palithya/greying of hair is due to the vitiated Pitta Dosha. Colour of hair is mainly due to melanocytes present in hair cells. Contemporary medicine does not offer any satisfactory treatment for Canities. Kayyonyadi Taila is beneficial in Palithya and the pharmaceutical study results was considered as a standard for the preparation of Taila.

Keywords: Kayyonyadi Taila, Pharmaceutical study, Swarasa Nirmana, Neelanjana Shodhana, Taila Paka, Patrapaka

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Roshni V. K., Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, S.V. Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital T.T.D., Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Email: 		Roshni V. K., Ch Sridurga, Pharmaceutical Study of Kayyonyadi Taila. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2023;8(1):44-49.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/2164

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2022-11-26 2022-11-28 2022-12-05 2022-12-12 2022-12-19
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
Nil Nil Yes 16%

© 2023by Roshni V. K., Ch Sridurgaand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Roshni V et al: Pharmaceutical Study of Kayyonyadi Taila

Introduction

Rasa Shastra deals with pharmaceutical processing and the therapeutic use of minerals and metals. Bhaishajya Kalpana deals with Aushadha Nirmana. Sneha Kalpana is the most preferred dosage forms of Ayurvedic system of medicine which can be used through all modes of drug administrations like Pana, Abhyanga, Nasya and Vasti. Kayyonyadi Taila is a herbo-mineral formulation mentioned in Chikitsa Manjari[1], Sahasrayogam[2] indicated in Palithya. Kayyonyadi Taila contains Bhringaraja (Eclipta alba), Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), Amalaki (Emblica officinalis), Goksheera (Cow’s milk), Tila Taila (Sesamum oil), Yastimadhu (Glycyrrhriza glabra), and Neelanjana (Lead sulphide).

Standardization of Ayurvedic drugs starts from the collection of raw materials and ends by the preparation of the final product. Pharmaceutical standardization is very important in obtaining a safe and efficacious drug. Hence in this study, an effort has been made to understand the significance of these pharmaceutical procedures and to standardize the method of preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila.

Aim and Objectives

The objective of the present research study is:

1. Pharmaceutical study of Kayyonyadi Taila.

Materials and Methods

Collection of drugs: The raw drugs like Bhringaraja, Guduchi, Amalaki were collected from the garden of S.V. Ayurveda College, TTD Tirupati. Yastimadhu, Godugdha, Tila Taila were collected from the local market of Tirupati. Neelanjana was collected from Kerala. Herbal drugs were identified macroscopically from Dravya Guna Department of S.V. Ayurveda College, TTD, Tirupati.

Methods: The pharmaceutical study was carried out in five stages:

Stage I

  • Preparation of Bhringaraja Swarasa.
  • Shodhana of

Stage II

  • Preparation of Guduchi Swarasa.
  • Preparation of Amalaki Swarasa.


Stage III

  • Preparation of Yastimadhu churna.

Stage IV

  • Preparation of Kalka of Yastimadhu.

Stage V

  • Preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila.

Apparatus: Khalwa Yantra, Steel Vessel, Cloth, Spoon, Tray, Steel Cutter and Gas stove.

Preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila

Kayyonyadi Taila was prepared in the PG Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, S.V. Ayurveda College, TTD, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. The ingredients used to prepare are detailed in Table 1.

Table 1: Ingredients and proportions of Kayyonyadi Taila

SN Name of the ingredient Quantity
1. Bhringaraja 10L
2. Guduchi 10L
3. Amalaki  10 L
4. Yastimadhu  1250g
5. Godugdha 10L
6. Tila Taila  10L
7. Neelanjana  1250g

Method of preparation

Bhringaraja Panchanga was taken, cleaned properly, pounded in a Khalva Yantra and made into a paste. It was squeezed and filtered through a clean cloth and Bhringaraja Swarasa was collected.[3] Neelanjana was taken in a Khalva Yantra and fine powder was prepared. Bhringaraja Swarasa was added till the Neelanjana was completely dipped and subjected to trituration till the mixture was dried. When the powder was totally dried up, it was considered as the completion of the first Bhavana. The procedure was repeated six more times (7 Bhavana). After 7 Bhavana of Neelanjana with Bhringaraja Swarasa, Shuddha Neelanjana was obtained.[4] 5kg of Guduchi stem was taken in a steel vessel and 40L of water was added to it. It was heated on mild fire and reduced to one-fourth of the initial quantity, it was then filtered through a cloth and collected as Guduchi Swarasa.[5] Fresh Amalaki Phala were collected, washed and then cut into small pieces. The seeds were discarded and pounded in Khalwa Yantra to make a paste.


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Swarasa was extracted by squeezing the paste of Amalaki through a clean cloth. Amalaki Swarasa was collected in a beaker.[6] Yastimadhu Mula was taken in a Khalva Yantra and pounded. Pounded material was sieved through a cloth to obtain a very fine powder. Fine Powder of Yastimadhu Churna was obtained.[7] In a vessel, Yastimadhu Churna was taken and made into a bolus by adding a sufficient quantity of water. Fine Kalka is formed.[8] Tila Taila was taken in a wide-mouthed vessel and placed over the stove on moderate fire. Kalka of Yastimadhu was added to the Tila Taila. Then Bhringaraja Swarasa, Amalaki Swarasa, Guduchi Swarasa were added successively to Taila one after the other and the contents were stirred well. 10L of Godugdha was added and heating was continued till the Kharapaka Lakshana was obtained. After that, the contents were filtered through a cloth.[9] Shuddha Neelanjana was added to the Taila as Patrapaka when the Taila was hot and mixed properly to obtain Kayyonyadi Taila.[10]

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jaims_2164_14.JPGjaims_2164_15.JPGjaims_2164_16.JPGjaims_2164_17.JPGFigure 1: Sequential steps in the preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila


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Observations

  • Greenish colour Bhringaraja Swarasa was obtained.
  • Neelanjana was black in colour and possess shining. After the Bhavana process, it loses its shine and becomes blacker in colour.
  • Dark green colour Guduchi Swarasa was procured.
  • Light greenish colour Amalaki Swarasa was obtained.
  • Fine Powder of Yastimadhu Churna was obtained.
  • Kalka formed is fine and is brownish in colour.
  • After Paka, colour of the Taila becomes greenish.
  • The foam was observed when Tailapaka

Precautions

  • Care should be taken to avoid spillage during the process of Swarasa Nirmana.
  • Bhringaraja Swarasa taken for the Bhavana should be sufficient to completely soak the When the material totally dried then only the next Bhavana should be carried out. Care should be taken so that there should not be any spillage.
  • Care should be taken to avoid spillage while pounding to prepare the Sieving should be done properly to get a fine powder.
  • A wide-mouthed large vessel was taken for the preparation so as to avoid the spillage of Taila due to overflowing.
  • Mandagni should be maintained till the Snehasiddhi Lakshana were obtained.
  • Kayyonyadi Taila was transferred into absolute sterile and moisture-free bottles to avoid spoiling.

Results

The obtained results are presented in the following tables

Table 2: Results of Swarasa Nirmana performed in the preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila

Name of Practical Quantity of drug taken Swarasa obtained
Bhringaraja Swarasa 12.5kg 10L
Guduchi Swarasa 5Kg 10L
Amalaki Swarasa 17.64kg 10L

Table 3: Results of Shodhana and Churna Nirmana performed in the preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila

Name of Practical Initial weight Final weight Gain/loss in weight
Neelanjana Shodhana 1200g 1250g 50g - Gain
Yastimadhu Churna 1300g 1250g 50g - Loss

Table 4: Results of preparation of Yastimadhu Kalka

Name of Practical Initial weight Final weight            Gain in weight
Kalka Nirmana 1250g 1265g 15g

Table 5: Results of preparation of Kayyonyadi Taila

Name of Practical Initial weight Final weight            Gain/loss in weight
Kayyonyadi Taila 10L 9.5L 500ml

Discussion

All the pharmaceutical procedures such as washing (Kshalana), trituration (Mardana/Bhavana), heating and dipping (Nirvapana) etc. carried out in the preparation of a drug with the intention of getting it purified is called as Shodhana.

Neelanjana Shodhana was done by Bhavana with Bhringaraja Swarasa for seven times. For the first Bhavana, the quantity of Bhringaraja Swarasa required was quite more than the subsequent Bhavana. Neelanjana is black in colour and possesses lustre. After the Bhavana process, it loses its shining and becomes more black in colour. Neelanjana is having Rasayana property,[11] Bhringaraja is having Kesharanjana[12] and Rasayana properties.[13] Therefore, Bhavana with Bhringaraja Swarasa was given. It aims to reduce toxicity, remove impurities and enhance the therapeutic properties. Kayyonyadi Taila is indicated in Palithya. Therefore, Bhavana of Neelanjana with Bhringaraja Swarasa is ideal. After Shodhana the weight of Anjana is increased due to impregnation of the organic contents of Bhringaraja Swarasa into the material during Bhavana. The Kalka formed is hard, rough to touch and pressing does not yield any Sneha. Kharapaka is used for external applications.[14] Shuddha Neelanjana was added as Patrapaka in this formulation. Patrapaka are the drugs which are added to the Taila at the time of filtering. There is no need of boiling these drugs. The colour change of Taila to greenish after Paka indicates the solubility of active principles more into Taila.



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Sneha Kalpana is the pharmaceutical process where the fat-soluble and water-soluble active principles are extracted from the basic ingredients into Sneha.[15]

Conclusion

Pharmaceutical standardization is an important step towards the standardization of any drug. Sneha Kalpana are par excellent to other dosage forms as both the lipid and water-soluble active principles are extracted. Kayyonyadi Taila is a herbo mineral formulation which is chiefly indicated in Palithya.

Reference

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2. Krishnan VKV, Gopala Pillai S. Sahasrayogam – Tailaprakaranam. 26th edition. Alappuzha; Vidyarambham Publishers; 2006, 278p.

3. Murthy PHC. Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama khanda 1/2. Reprint edition. Varanasi; Chaukhambha Sanskrit series, Chaukambha Sanskrit Bhavan; 2006, 51p.

4. Kulkarni DA. Vigyanbodhini Commentary on Rasaratnasamuchchya of Vagbhata, Vol. 1, 3/105. Reprint edition. New Delhi; Meharachand Lachhhmanadas Publications; 2017, 61p.

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10. Sreeman ND, Chikitsa manjari - Part 2, Shiroroga chikitsa - Sloka no – 49. 12th edition. Alappuzha; Vidyarambham Publishers; 2015, 553p.

11. Kulkarni DA. Vigyanbodhini Commentary on Rasaratnasamuchchya of Vagbhata, Vol. 1, 3/104. Reprint edition. New Delhi; Meharachand Lachhhmanadas Publications; 2017, 61p.

12. Narahari A, Tripathi I. Hindi commentary on Raja Nighantu, Part I. Satahvadi Varga - 138/141, Reprint edition. Varanasi; Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010,89p.

13. Chunekar KC, A Commentary on Bhavaprakasha Nighantu, by Shri Bhavamishra, Guduchyadi Varga - 239-241, Varanasi; Chaukhambha Bharti Academy; 2004,293p.

14. Murthy PHC. Sharangadhara Samhita Madhyama khanda 9/17-19. Reprint edition. Varanasi; Chaukhambha Sanskrit series, Chaukambha Sanskrit Bhavan; 2006, 117p.

15. Amey PV, Preetam I, Kalyani J. A review on Sneha Kalpana. AYURLOG: Nat. J. Res. Ayur. Sci. 2020; 8(4): 1-7


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