E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Leena Dosha and Sthambita Dosha

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2023 Volume 8 Number 10 October
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Overview of Leena Dosha and Sthambita Dosha

Shwetarani1*, Saranya K2, Mohan P N3
DOI:10.21760/jaims.8.10.28

1* Shwetarani, Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, Department Of Roga Nidana And Vikruti Vijnana, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwar College Of Ayurveda And Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.

2 Saranya K, Assistant Professor, Department of Roga Nidana and Vikruti Vijnana, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwar College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.

3 Nandesh Mohan P, Associate Professor and HOD, Dept of Roga Nidana and Vikruti Vijnana, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwar College of Ayurveda and Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.

In Ayurveda Doshas are responsible for both health and disease in an individual. To cause any disease the Doshas should get vitiated. Doshas plays a major role in Dosha, Dhatu and Mala, as Doshas vitiate Dhatu and Mala leads to different Avastha of the Doshas. Diseases are manifested based on Avasthas of Doshas like Vriddhi, Kshaya, Prakopa, Upasthita Doshas. Similarly, the concept of Leenadosha and Sthambitadosha where the Leenadosha are said to be hidden or concealed or not completely seen hence they do not manifest Vyadhi, unless it attains favorable condition to manifest itself and Sthambitadosha is one among the Doshavstha where the Doshas are immoveable and it becomes stiff by obstructing the normal Gati of the other Doshas. There comes the importance of understanding the concept of Leenadosha and Sthambitadosha in detail for better diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

Keywords: Doshavastha, Leenadosha, Sthambitadosha

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Shwetarani, Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, Department Of Roga Nidana And Vikruti Vijnana, Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwar College Of Ayurveda And Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India.
Email: 		Shwetarani, Saranya K, Mohan P N, Overview of Leena Dosha and Sthambita Dosha. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2023;8(10):182-185.
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https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/2720

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2023-08-13 2023-08-24 2023-09-08 2023-09-18 2023-09-21
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
None declared Nil Yes 22.96

© 2023by Shwetarani, Saranya K, Mohan P Nand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Introduction

Leena the word indicates “Asamyak darshita”[1] that means clung or pressed closely together or attached or merged, “Anutklishtam”[2] meaning hidden or not completely seen, “Shlishtam”[3] that is attached to the Srotas. Leenadosha is Ekadeshashrita / Anutva and Dhatvantarashrita. Leenadosha is the stage or Avastha of the Doshas being attached or concealed in the Dhatus and settled in one place. Due to etiological factors along with other favorable condition, the symptoms of the disease are least expressed or not even expressed. The nature of Doshas changes and disease manifest, depending on the Vyadhikshamatva. Doshas reside in the Dhatus until the availability of favorable conditions (Kala, Bala) to manifest a Vyadhi like Beeja remaining deep seated in Bhoomi until the appropriate Rutu, Kshetra and Ambu. In the Sneha Purvaka Sweda Phala the Leena Doshas get expelled out in Dravibhuta form which are adhered in the Sukshma Srotas.[4]

Similarly, the concept of Sthambitadosha. The meaning of the word Sthamba is “Dandavat Sthabdata”[5] which mean stiff and “Nischalikaranam”[6] that is immovable and to arrest and “Nishkriyatvat.”[7] Sthambita Dosha is also one type of Doshavastha, were the Gati of the Dosha is hampered.

Aims and Objectives

Understanding the concept of Leenadosha and Sthambitadosha in pathogenesis.

Materials and Methods

Understanding and analysis of the concept of Leenadosha and Sthambita Dosha from various Samhitas

Discussion

Leena Dosha in different disease

1. Jwara

  • It is difficult to remove the juice from an unripen fruit and if removed causes the destruction of the fruit, similarly in Taruna Jwara the Doshas are in Anupasthitha Avastha[8] e., the vitiated Doshas
  • do not manifest its Lakshanas completely. Likewise, administration of Vamana in Taruna Jwara worsens the condition and causes Vyadhis like Hridroga, Shwasa, Anaha and Moha.
  • In the concept of Vishamajwara, Acharya Sushruta explains that the Vishama Jwara never leaves the body e., “Na Kadachit Vimunchati”[9], there by the Shareera remains in Glani, Gowrava, Karshayata. In Vishama Jwara, Dosha do not manifest Lakshanas due to Alpadosha Avastha as well as Leena Avastha, that is with the “Samatikranta of Vega” (pacification of Vega) the Lakshanas seems to be vanished. But due to Sukshma Guna and Anutwa, Doshas take Sthanasamshraya within in the Dhatu (“Dhatwantarastha Leenatwa”) i.e., in the Saptakala, hence the disease does not manifest completely as well as never leave the individual too.
  • According to Acharya Vagbhata, in Vishama Jwara, there is Ksheena Avastha of Dosha and hence they remain Sukshma (Leena) in Rasadi Dhatus and thereby manifest Lakshana such as Krusha, Vivarnata and Jadyata [10]

2. Apasmara

Acharaya Charaka explained in Apasmara the Doshas are in Leenavastha in Hridaya, Manovahasrotas, Indriya as well as Buddhi. When they get exposed to Nidanas like Kama, Krodha, Bhaya, Lobha, Moha, Harsha, Shoka, Chinta and Udwegadi leads to episodic attack of seizure and expressed as Lakshanas.[11] In Apasmara, Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Teekshna Nasya and Anjana etc. are advised to remove the Dosha which does Avarana to Hridaya, Srotas and Manas.

3. Udara Roga

In the treatment of Jatodaka or Sannipatodara, Visha Prayoga is mentioned. The Leena Dosha is present in Sthira Dhatu and Vimargagami Doshas. By the Aashu and Pramathi Guna of Visha it does the Sanghata of the Doshas and expel it out.[12]

4. Grahani Roga

Charaka Chikitsasthana in Grahani Roga Adhyaya mentions about understanding of the word Leena, Vileenam Ghritavad i.e., the frozen ghee when exposed to heat get melted, indicating the quality that is Leena in Ghrita.[13]
Whereas, Leena Avastha is when the Doshas are


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in Anutklistha Avastha in Pakvashaya, here Agnideepaka Dravyas and Virechana Aushadhi are advised to remove the Leena Doshas. If the Aama Rasa spreads all over the body, then Langhana is advised. As the previous medicine if not digested trouble the Pachakagni.

5. Vilambika

In Vilambika Roga the Amadosha is in Leena Avastha, the Lakshanas are observed along with Vata and Kapha Anubandha similar to Amajeerna.[14]

6. Shwasa

In Shwasa Roga, there is Bahudosha Avastha, hence Shodhana i.e., Vamana is advised. But after the Shodhana the Dosha still remain as Leena in Srotas and is expelled from the body with the help of Dhupana Karma, a procedure post-Shodhana. Hence Dhupana, after Vamana specifically, is suggested to avoid or remove the Dosha getting Leena in the Srotas, thereby supporting Dosha's for complete uprooting.[15]

7. Kushta

In Kushta Chikitsa, Rogi is advised for repeated Shodhana[16] such as Vamana every 15 days, Virechana every 30 days, Raktamokshana every 6 months and Nasya every 7 days indicating though the Lakshana pacify, the Dosha remain deep in Dhatus and hence manifest the Lakshana with the favorable condition. Hence indicating the Chikitsa for Leena Dosha as repeated Shodhana and following regular Pathya-Apathya

Sthambita Dosha in various diseases

1. Vishama Jwara

Administration of the Kashayarasa in Taruna Jwara, does not allow the Dosha to undergo Paka even after a long time. Because the Kashaya make the Doshas “Baddha”[17] immobile which neither comes out of the body nor does the Pachana of Kashayarasa. This can be considered Sthambita Dosha Avastha, leading to onset of Vishama Jwara. so, the Kashaya can be given from the 7th day of the onset of Jwara. Kashaya Rasa not only does the Mala Avarodha but also does the obstruction to the Vatadi Dosha. The Sthambita Vatadi Dosha further leads to Vishamajwara. When the Doshas are not in Bahudoshavastha or in Anupasthita Avstha,

if treated leads to complication and is very difficult to treat a disease thus on the 7th day Laghu Anna is advised and on 8th day Pachana Sidha Dravyas are advised once Nirama Lakshanas get displayed Doshashamaka Siddha Shamana Kashaya is advised.

2. Raktapitta

In Raktapitta, Sthambana is not advised if the person is having Aakshinabalamamsa and Doshas are in Utklishta Avastha also if the person is having good digestive capacity. In contrary, if Sthambana is advised, person will end up in Galagraha, Putinasya, Murcha, Aruchi, Jwara, Gulma, Pleeharoga, Anaha, Kilasa, Mutrakrichra, Kustha, Arshas, Visarapa, Varnasha, Bhagandara and Budhindriya Avarodha[18] if the Doshas are Anutklishta Avastha, person is Durbala and digestion capacity is hampered Sthambana is contraindicated.

3. Atisara

Atisara that is caused due to Ama, it is advised to avoid Sangraha Aushadi initially, as it causes Vibadhata of Dosha If not followed, it leads to various diseases such as Dandakalasaka, Adhmana, Grahanidosha, Arshoroga, Shotha, Panduroga, Pleehavriddhi, Kushta, Gulma, Udararoga and Jwara.[19] In Atisara if the Doshas are Swayam Utkleshita and Swayam Pravrutta Sthamabana is not advised. If the Doshas are moving out with difficulty then Haritaki Churna is advised for easy expulsion of Doshas.

4. Vatavyadhi

In Vatavyadhi Chikitsa, Charaka explained about the treatment for Vatavyadhi i.e., “Kevala Nirupasthmadou Snehairupachret”[20] in this Charaka has given the understanding of the concept by differentiating the treatment for Shuddhavata Vyadhi Chikitsa (Avarana Rahita Vatavyadhi) i.e., Dhatukshayajanya Vatavyadhi hereafter conferring to this concept Avarana can be taken as cause for Sthambita Dosha.

Conclusion

Ayurveda though always is tagged as only holistic has hidden and unique concepts that makes the physician to understand diseases completely and precisely. Significance of Leenadosha and Sthambita Dosha can be understood in diagnosis


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from the context of Apasmara, Vilambika, Raktapitta, Atisara, prognosis from Taruna Jwara, Vishama Jwara, treatment of Udararoga, Grahani, Shwasa, Kushta, Vatavyadhi. One among such concept is Leena as well as Sthambita Dosha. These are the concept explained by Acharyas while detailing the Vyadhi Samprapti, that has key role to play in diagnosis, prognosis as well as for treatment.

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