E-ISSN:2456-3110

Research Article

Madhu Aschyotana

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2024 Volume 9 Number 4 April
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Clinical efficacy of Madhu Aschyotana in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira w.s.r. to Simple Myopia - A Pilot Study

Savalagi S1*, Jadhav V2, Pujari S3, Koutal M4, Kalyanshetty P5
DOI:10.21760/jaims.9.4.2

1* Shweta Savalagi, Post Graduate Scholar, Dept of Shalakya Tantra, Shri Vijaya Mahantesh Ayurvedic Medical College, Ilkal, Karnataka, India.

2 Vinod Jadhav, Professor and HOD, Dept of Shalakya Tantra, Shri Vijaya Mahantesh Ayurvedic Medical College, Ilkal, Karnataka, India.

3 Santosh Pujari, Associate Professor, Dept of Shalakya Tantra, Shri Vijaya Mahantesh Ayurvedic Medical College, Ilkal, Karnataka, India.

4 Manjunath Koutal, Assistant Professor, Dept of Shalakya Tantra, Shri Vijaya Mahantesh Ayurvedic Medical College, Ilkal, Karnataka, India.

5 Prashanth Kalyanshetty, Assistant Professor, Dept of Shalakya Tantra, Shri Vijaya Mahantesh Ayurvedic Medical College, Ilkal, Karnataka, India.

Sarvendriyanam Nayanam Pradhanam Netra (Eye) is a highly specialized sense organ serving the most important vision function. Almost 90% of knowledge is perceived only through the eyes. But in today’s era due to Excessive exposure to dust, smoke, and other pollutants like carbon dioxide emitted from vehicles, factories visual impairments have started. Ayurvedic classical texts have mentioned the eye and its diseases since Vedic and Samhita Kala, thus while explaining Nidana’s[1](Causes) of Netra Roga they said, as Sukshma Nireekshana, Durekshanat, Diva Swapna, and Prasakta Samrodhana, Vega Vinigraha, etc lead to the different types of Netra Roga. In Ayurveda, clinical features related to visual disturbances are generally seen in Dristigata Roga. The anatomical consideration of the Patala and symptoms of the vitiated Dosha situated in these Patala reveals that the word Timira, described as an ocular pathology in Ayurveda, is nothing but the error of refraction. The part of clinical features of Timira (Prathama Patalagata Timira) can be correlated to simple myopia. Honey is good for the eyes and hence considered under Chakshushya Dravya’s[2], and eliminates vitiated Kapha and Pitta Dosha. Honey has a long history of Ayurvedic use for various eye ailments. Administration of Madhu in the eyes improves vision or eyesight.

Keywords: Ayurveda, Prathama Patalagata Timira, Simple Myoipa, Madhu, Netra

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Shweta Savalagi, Post Graduate Scholar, Dept of Shalakya Tantra, Shri Vijaya Mahantesh Ayurvedic Medical College, Ilkal, Karnataka, India.
Email: 		Savalagi S, Jadhav V, Pujari S, Koutal M, Kalyanshetty P, Clinical efficacy of Madhu Aschyotana in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira w.s.r. to Simple Myopia - A Pilot Study. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2024;9(4):12-15.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/3100

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2024-02-13 2024-02-23 2024-03-03 2024-03-13 2024-03-21
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
None Nil Yes 21.85

© 2024by Savalagi S, Jadhav V, Pujari S, Koutal M, Kalyanshetty Pand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Shweta Savalagi et al. Efficacy of Madhu Aschyotana in Prathama Patalagata Timira

Introduction

चक्षुस्तेजोमयं तस्य विशेषात् श्लेष्मतो भयम् ॥[3] The eye is full of Tejas and has a risk of trouble especially from Shleshma.Therefore usage of Madhu reduces vitiated Kapha and thus good for the eyes. Madhu can be indicated in Timira i.e., Myopia. The myopia concept lies in two different problems, on the one hand, it is an optical problem with poor focussing due to a mismatch between eyeball axial length and the lenses composing it (cornea and crystalline). On the other hand, it is still an unsolved medical problem that predisposes a person who has it to suffer other eye pathologies more frequently.[4] Today there is sufficient evidence that oxidative stress forms part of the molecular bases that participate in the growth and appearance of diseases such as myopia, cataracts, and retinal diseases.

Honey contains many important bioactive plant compounds and antioxidants, such as flavonoids and phenolic acids, polyphenols.[5] Therefore, using honey for your eyes can help improve your vision. Among the diseases of the eyes one group, known as Drishtigata rogas is responsible for visual impairment both, partial and complete. Timira comes under this group of diseases of all the ocular diseases. Timira is considered to be the most important one, causing difficulty in vision. The symptoms of Timira can be considered as errors of refraction. The anatomical consideration of the Patalas as symptoms of vitiated Doshas situated in these Patalas reveals the word Timira which is described as an ocular pathology in Ayurveda, is nothing but errors of refraction, especially the Prathama Patalagata Timira can be taken as Simple Myopia. Thus, an effort is made to study the Clinical Efficacy of Madhu Aschyotana in the management of Prathama Patalagata Timira W.S.R to Simple Myopia.

Aims and Objectives

1. To evaluate the effectiveness of Madhu Aschyotana before and after improving visual acuity among individuals diagnosed with Simple myopia.

2. To assess the impact of Madhu Aschyotana on reducing the progression of Simple myopia in the study population.

3. To investigate and document

any potential side effects or adverse reactions associated with the use of Madhu Aschyotana in the management of simple myopia.

4. To analyze patient-reported outcomes related to visual comfort, quality of life, and overall satisfaction with the treatment.

Materials and Methods

Study design

A randomized selection of 10 Patients suffering from simple myopia irrespective of gender were taken for study.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients having signs and symptoms of Prathama Patalagata Timira.
  • Patients between the age group of 18 - 25 years.
  • Those fit for
  • Patient with refractive error -0.25 DS to -3.0 DS.
  • Irrespective of Gender, Religion, and Socioeconomic status fulfilling the diagnostic criteria.

Exclusion criteria

  • Patients having any other known ocular pathology, e.g. cataract, corneal opacity, etc
  • Patients below 18 years and above 25 years.
  • Patients having dioptric power more than -3.0 DS.
  • Dwitiya, Tritiya and Chathurta Patalagata Timira.
  • Congenital Myopia.
  • Myopia with systemic diseases like TB, Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, etc.

Intervention

MedicineMadhu
AdministrationMadhu Aschyotana Weekly twice 1 drop in each eye in the morning
Duration2 months (8 weeks)
Follow-up3rd month (12th week)
Total treatment duration3Months

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Shweta Savalagi et al. Efficacy of Madhu Aschyotana in Prathama Patalagata Timira

Properties of Madhu[6]

Rasa - Madhura

Anurasa - Kashaya

Guna - Rooksha

Veerya - Sheeta

Karma - Chakshushya (Good for eyes), Lekhana

Assessment criteria

Gradation index: visual acuity for distant vision

Snellen’s distant vision chart0 - 6/6100%
1 - 6/990%
2 - 6/1280%
3 - 6/1870%
4 - 6/2460%
5 - 6/3650%
6 - 6/60 to 4/6040-20%
7 - 3/60<10%

Subjective Parameter

The effect of therapy on the Subjective parameter was assessed below:

No improvement0%
Mild improvement1-30%
Moderate improvement31-60%
Marked improvement61-100%

Showing the effect of the Overall response of Madhu Aschyotana after follow-up:

ResponseNo. of subjects (20)Percentage
No improvement40%
Mild improvement1618%
Moderate improvement00%
Marked improvement00%

Discussion

It is a well-known fact that free radicals are very unstable and highly reactive molecules, thus they exhibit a very good reaction capacity because they have unpaired electrons, and they are very reactive because of this instability. So all these factors contribute to oxidative stress.[4]

The first clear evidence for a relationship between oxidative stress and myopia probably came about through the research conducted.

Thus there is evidence that oxidative stress forms part of the molecular bases that participate in the growth and appearance of diseases called myopia. The anti-oxidants present in Honey play a vital role in encountering oxidative stress which is the responsible factor for myopia.

Madhu Aschyotana, an Ayurvedic formulation, likely exerts its therapeutic effects on Prathama Patalagata Timira (Simple Myopia) through several potential mechanisms:

1. Nourishment of Ocular Tissues: Ayurvedic formulations often contain antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that nourish the ocular tissues. These nutrients may support the health and function of the eye, potentially reducing strain and improving visual acuity.

2. Improvement of Blood Circulation: Some components of Madhu Aschyotana may possess properties that enhance blood circulation to the eyes. Improved blood flow can ensure adequate oxygen and nutrient supply to ocular structures, promoting overall eye health and potentially alleviating symptoms of Simple Myopia.

3. Regulation of Doshas (Biological Humors): According to Ayurvedic principles, imbalances in doshas can contribute to disease. Madhu Aschyotana, through its ingredients and formulation, may help rebalance doshas related to vision health, thereby addressing the underlying causes of Simple Myopia.

4. Maintenance of Optic Nerve Function: Ingredients in Madhu Aschyotana may possess neuroprotective properties, helping to maintain the health and function of the optic nerve. This can potentially prevent or slow down the progression of Simple Myopia by preserving the integrity of the neural pathways involved in vision.

Conclusion

Madhu being a Chakshushya Dravya has Anti-oxidant properties thus reducing oxidative stress which is the main cause of myopia. During this study, there are no potential adverse effects noted like redness, burning sensation, ocular pain, and other inflammatory symptoms. As per this study, the overall assessment of results shows that among the 20 subjects, 16 subjects have shown mild improvement with a percentage of 18% (Average),


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Shweta Savalagi et al. Efficacy of Madhu Aschyotana in Prathama Patalagata Timira

and the other 4 subjects haven’t. Since the study of Madhu Aschyotana is done twice a week, this may be a factor for not getting moderately marked improvement. So, for a further research study, it can be recommended that Madhu Aschyotana be done on daily and larger sample size. Through this pilot study, we can conclude that Madhu Aschyotana is safe, cost-effective, and easy to practice without any adverse effects and one can practice Madhu Aschyotana in cases of Kaphaja Timira, Prathama Patalagata Timira, Kaphaja Abhishyanda and other Kaphaja Netra Roga related Vyadhis.

References

1. Susruta, Susruta Samhitha, Uttara tantra, Dalhana tika by Jadavji trikamji acharya, Choukhambha Sanskrit Series, Varanasi, p.598.

2. Shastri L, Yogaratnakara, Varanasi Choukhabha Sanskrit Sansthan. 2002.

3. Acharya Vagbhata, Astanga Hridaya with Sarvanga Sunder of Arunadatta and Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri commentary Sutrastthana 2nd chapter, edited by Pt. Bhishagacharya Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Varanasi, Krishnadas Academy, reprint 2019, page no 23-37.

4. Bosch-Morell, Francisco; Merida Salvador; Navea Amparo. Oxidative Stress in Myopia.  Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity; New York Vol. 2015, (2015). DOI:10.1155/2015/750637.

5. Olas B. Honey and Its Phenolic Compounds as an Effective Natural Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases in Humans? Nutrients. 2020 Jan 21;12(2):283. doi: 10.3390/nu12020283. PMID: 31973186; PMCID: PMC7070389.

6. Acharya Vagbhata, Astanga Hridaya with Sarvanga Sunder of Arunadatta and Ayurveda Rasayana of Hemadri commentary Sutrastthana 5th chapter, edited by Pt. Bhishagacharya Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Varanasi, Krishnadas Academy, reprint 2019, page no 60-83.


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