E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Maternal Complication

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2024 Volume 9 Number 2 February
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Prevention of Maternal Complication with Ayurveda Regime

Raghuwanshi S1*, Ray S2, Jadhav V3, Singh Parihar E4, Hajare P5
DOI:10.21760/jaims.9.2.28

1* Sonu Raghuwanshi, Post Graduate Scholar, Pg Department of Prasuti Tantra Evum Stri Roga, Mansarovar Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

2 Sucheta Ray, Professor HOD, PG Department of Prasuti Tantra Evum Stri Roga, Mansarovar Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

3 Varsha Jadhav, Professor, PG Department of Prasuti Tantra Evum Stri Roga, Mansarovar Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

4 Ekta Singh Parihar, Assistant Professor, PG Department of Prasuti Tantra Evum Stri Roga, Mansarovar Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

5 Priyanka Hajare, Assistant Professor, PG Department of Prasuti Tantra Evum Stri Roga, Mansarovar Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Maternal health revolves around the health and wellness of pregnant women at the time they give birth and during child rising. Ayurveda considers food to be the best source of nourishment as well as medication for the pregnant woman. The nine monthly diets are singularly unique to Ayurveda. The food taken by a pregnant woman (Aahar Ras) nourishes and helps the growth of the foetus (Garbha Vriddhi), nourishes the mother's own body (Swa-Sharir Pushti) and nourishes the breasts by which the breast milk formed (Stanyaya). Postpartum period is an important phase of transition in women’s life following childbirth. This period is also known as puerperium, starts following the expulsion of the placenta. Mortality and morbidity of mother are most challenging problems of our country. In our day-to-day life we see many mothers complaining of increase in their physical problems like back-ache, anaemia and many other infections after puerperium. Lady after delivery of placenta is called as Sutika (puerperal woman), Sutikakala (duration of puerperium) is the period following childbirth during which all body tissues revert back approximately to a pre-pregnant state. For better health attainment after delivery every postnatal woman should be encouraged to follow Sutika Paricharya as per Ayurveda classics.

Keywords: Aahar Ras, Garbhini, Sutika, Parichariya

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Sonu Raghuwanshi, Post Graduate Scholar, Pg Department of Prasuti Tantra Evum Stri Roga, Mansarovar Ayurvedic Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Email: 		Raghuwanshi S, Ray S, Jadhav V, Singh Parihar E, Hajare P, Prevention of Maternal Complication with Ayurveda Regime. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2024;9(2):182-186.
Available From
https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/3122

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2023-12-15 2023-12-25 2024-01-05 2024-01-15 2024-01-24
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
None declared Nil Yes 21.75

© 2024by Raghuwanshi S, Ray S, Jadhav V, Singh Parihar E, Hajare Pand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Introduction

In 2021, 1205 women died of maternal causes in the United States compared with 861 in 2020 and 754 in 2019. The maternal mortality rate for was 32.9 deaths per 1, 00,000 live births, compared with a rate of 23.8 in 2020 and 20.1 in 2019.[1] Ayurveda explains certain specific Paricharyas like Rajaswala, Garbhini Paricharya and Sutika Paricharya. Paricharya especially about different specific stages of the female body. Acharyas have mentioned that, from the Moment of appearing of menstrual flow for three days, certain specific do’s and don’ts should be followed which are mentioned under Rajaswala Paricharya. Ayurveda provides a holistic approach towards human health & deals with both preventive and curative aspect of life. it gives great importance to the physical, psychological and social preparation of both partners prior to conception. Ayurveda has explained different Paricharyas (code of conduct) like- Dincharya, Ritucharya, etc. to be followed to attain good health maternal health constitutes the health of women during the pregnancy, childbirth, and post-partum period. Among these three important components, pregnancy forms the foundation of maternity cycle and strongly influences the outcome of two other components; childbirth and post-partum care. Pregnancy is one of the milestones in women’s life. It is a physiological condition where conception and growth of the fetus occurs in the womb for maintenance of species. Antenatal period is very crucial in women life as there is a continuous growth of the embryo or fetus, there is also variation in its requirements of food and nutrition in Garbhini Paricharya Acharya Charak mentions that a woman who desires a healthy and good looking progeny should not indulge in uncongenial diet and regimen, As well as Sutika Avastha is the period after Prasava. Sutika Avastha is the important phase in woman’s life. In Ayurveda care of mother at every stage of her life is given outmost importance especially antenatal & postnatal period. In classical texts postnatal care is told as Sutika Paricharya. It includes “Ahara, Vihara, Aushadhi, Yogasana, some Pathya and Apathya” etc. The main goals of this Paricharya are “Garbhashaya Shuddhi, Dhatu Paripurnata, Stanya-Vriddhi, Punarnavekaran.” In classical texts about 74 types of diseases are told which can occur in

this period if not managed properly. So ayurveda has advised a specific diet and life style regimen called Sutika Paricharya to prevent further.[2]

Aim

Prevention of maternal complication with Ayurveda regime.

Objectives

1. To review the literature of clinical importance of Garbhini Paricharya.

2. To review the literature of clinical importance of Sutika Paricharya.

Materials and Methods

Literature, Brihatrayee, all available Ayurvedic classic, modern available texts, magazines, journals and research papers.

Type of Study - Conceptual type

Garbhini Paricharya

This can be studied into three parts i.e.,

  • Masanumashika Pathya
  • Garbhopaghatakara Bhavas
  • Garbhasthapaka Dravyas

Garbhopaghatkar Bhavas

  • Acharya Charak - use of excessive heavy, hot and pungent substances, harsh and violent activity.
  • Acharya Sushrut - Vyavaya, Vyayama, Atitarpan, Atikarsan, Divaswapna, Ratrijagaran, Shoka, Yanaavarohana, Bhaya, Utkatasana, Sonitamoksan, Vegadharan, Snehan
  • Acharya Vagbhatta - Tiksna Ausadh, Vyavaya, Vyayama.
  • Acharya Kashyap - Should not look at declining moon, setting sun and both the Rahus, she should not remain for long in acutely erect or flexed posture and carry heavy weight for long, avoid trembling, excessive laughing and trauma, use of cold water and garlic[7]

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Masanumashika Pathya

MonthsCharak Samhita[3]Sushruta Samhita[4]Astanga Sangraha[5]Harita Samhita[6]
1st monthNon medicated milkMadhur, sheet, liquid dietMedicated milkMadhuyasthi, Madhukapushpa with butter, honey and sweetened milk
2nd MonthMilk medicated with Madhura Rasa drugSame as first monthMilk medicated
with Madhura Rasa		Sweetened milk treated with
Kakoli
3rd MonthMilk with honey and GhirtaSame as first monthMilk with honey and GhirtaKrisara
4th monthMilk with butterCooked Shashti rice with curd, dainty food mixed with milk and GhirtaMilk with one tola of butterMedicated cooked rice
5th MonthGhirta prepared with butter extracted from milkCooked Shastika rice with milk, Jangal Mansa along with dainty food mixed with milk and GhirtGhirta prepared with butter extracted from milkPayasa
6th MonthGhirta prepared from milk medicated with Madhur drugsGhirta or rice gruel medicated with GokshuraGhirta prepared from milk medicated with Madhur drugsSweetened curd
7th MonthGhirta prepared from milk medicated with Madhur drugsGhirta medicated with Prithakaparnyadi group of drugsGhirta prepared from milk medicated with Madhur drugsGhirtakhanda
8th MonthKshira Yawagu mixed with GhirtaAsthapanabasti with decoction of Badri mixed with Bala, Atibala, Satapuspa, Patala etc, honey and Ghirta. Asthapana is followed by Anuvasana Basti of oil medicated with milk, Madhura drugsKshirayawagu mixed with Ghirt, Asthapanabasti with decoction of Badari, Anuvasana Basti with oil medicated with Madhra drugsGhritapuraka
9th MonthAnuvasanabasti with oil prepared with drugs of Madhura group, vaginal tampon of this oilUnctuous gruels and Jangal Mansa Ras up to the period of deliveryAnuvasanabasti with oil prepared with drugs of Madhura group, vaginal tampon of this oilDifferent varieties of cereals

Masanumasik Chikitsa of Garbha Srava (Month wise treatment of abortion).

  • Treatment during first month of pregnancy Madhuka, Sakabija, Payasya, Suradaru.
  • During second month Ashmantaka, Black Tila, Tamravalli and
  • During third month Vrukshadani, Payasya, Priyangu or Lata,Utpala Sariva.
  • During fourth month Ananta, Sariva, Rasna, Padma, Madhuka.
  • During fifth month Bruhatidwaya, Kashmari, Kshirishunga-Tvacha (stem-bark and leaf buds, of latex yielding trees),
  • During sixth month Prushanparni, Bala, or Vacha, Shigru, Swadanshtra, and
  • During seventh month Shrungataka, Bisa, Draksha, Kasheru, Madhuka, and
  • During eighth month Kapitha, Bilva, Bruhati, Patola, Ekshu, Nidigdhika.
  • During ninth month milk treated with root of Ananta, Sariva, Payasya, Madhuyashti.
  • During tenth month milk treated with either Shunthi and Payasya or Shunthi Madhuyashti and Sursaru or only Use of this prescription relieves even very severe pain.
  • During eleventh month for relief of pain during eleventh month of pregnancy the women should be prescribed paste of Kshirika, Utpala, Samanga root and Shiva along with milk.
  • During twelfth month use of Sita, Vidari, Kakoli, Kshiri, Mrunalika, with relieves pain during twelfth month and is beneficial for proper development pf the fetus.[8]

Garbhsthapak Dravya

Drugs mentioned by Acharyas are following -

  • Aindri (Centella asiatica)
  • Brahmi (Bacopa monieri)
  • Satavirya (Asparagus recemosus)
  • Sahastravirya (Cynodon dactylon)
  • Amogha (Stereospermum suaveolens)
  • Avyatha (Tinospora cordifolia)
  • Shiva (Terminalia chebula)
  • Arista (Picrorhiza kurroa)
  • Vatyapuspi (Sida cordifolia)
  • Vishwasenkanta (Callicarpa macrophylla)
  • Manidharana by Expectant Mother

Sutika Paricharya

The routine to be followed during postnatal period comes under the heading of Sutika Paricharya. It involves following principles.


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  • Agnideepana
  • Pachana
  • Raktadhatu Poshana
  • Stanyavardhana
  • Yonisanrakshana
  • Garbhashayashodhana, Kostashodhan
  • Vata Dosha Shamana
  • Dhatupusti, Balya

Pathya and Apathya

Pathya

  • Ushnodaka Snana.
  • Koshna (warm) Jala Pana.
  • Adequate sleep.
  • Udarveshthana (tie abdominal belt).
  • Hitakaraka Ahara and
  • Abhyanga, Parisheka, Avagahana.
  • Daily Snehana and Swedana.

Apathya

  • Shita Ahara, Vihara.
  • Physical and mental Stress.
  • Ati Vyayama.
  • Shoka, Bhaya, Krodha.
  • Atapasevana and
  • Panchkarma is contra indicated in

Discussion

Masanumasik Pathya (month wise dietary regimen) Garbhopaghatkar Bhavas (activities and substances which are harmful to fetus) Garbhasthapaka Dravyas (substances beneficial for maintenance of pregnancy) are main components of Garbhini Paricharya.

Aindri (Centella asiatica)

Components isolated from centella are responsible for CNS activator and lead to utero relaxant action.

Brahmi (Bacopa monieri)

Calcium antagonistic activity of Bacopa can be used as muscle relaxant and vascular relaxant.

Satavirya (Asparagus racemosas)

Estrogenic effect of Satavari on female mammary gland.

Sahastravirya (Cynodon dactylon)

The plant extract checks uterine bleeding, strengthen uterine muscles avert abortion and augment of foetal growth.

Amogha (Steriospermum suaveolens)

Ethanol extract from stem bark of steriospermum given orally shows marked analgesic and anti-inflammatory.

Avyatha (Tinospora cordifolia)

Antioxidant capacity

Shiva (Terminalia chebula)

The uses of Terminalia chebula in different fraction from fruit were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity.

Arista (Picrorrhiza kurroa)

The most promising biopharmacological activity of biopolymers found in Picrorrhzia kurroa shows immunomodulatory effect and hepatoprotective effect.

Vatyapuspi (Sida cordifolia)

The analgesic activity was found in acetic acid induced pain in mice, the result indicated that the sample possessed both analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity

Viswaksenkanta (Callycarpa macrophylla)

Ethanolic extract of leaves of callycarpa macrophylla has better anti-inflammatory.

Manidharana by expectant mother

The pregnant women should wear the amulet of trivrt at the region of waist.

Conclusion

The important limitation of this study is that it could not explore the role of Ayurveda, both therapeutics and principles, in other two important components of maternal health; childbirth and post-partum care. Ayurvedic principles through the concept of Garbhini Paricharya improve the physical and


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psychological condition of the pregnant women and make their body suitable for Sukha Prasava. Sutika Kala is a critical period for women, she needs a special management and care for proper and healthy growth of newborn baby as well as for maintenance of her own health So, by following Sutika Paricharya, Garbhashayashuddhi, Dhatuparipurnata, Sthanya-Vriddhi are established and it also helps in prevention of various diseases.

References

1. cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/maternal-mortality/2021/maternal-mortality-rates-2021.htm

2. Satyapala Bhigacharya, Kashyapa Samhita. Varanasi; Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan: 1994. Khilsthana, Chap.11, shloka, 305: 7-13.

3. Kasinath sastri, Dr. Gorakhnath Chaturvedi Charak Samhita with hindi commentary vidyotini, Sharir sthan :8/21, Choukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi.

4. Acharya Ambika Dutta Sastri, Yadavji Trikamji, Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi commentary on Susruta Samhita, Choukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi.

5. Vaidya Anant Damodar Athawale, Indu Commentary on Astanga Sangraha, Shree Mada Atreya Prakasan.

6. Acharya Ramavalamba Shastri, Nirmala Hindi Commentary on Harita Samhita, 1st Edition, Tritiya Sthan, Varanasi Prachya Prakasan.

7. Atyapala Bhigacharya, Kashyapa Samhita. Varanasi; Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan: 1994. chikitsasthana, Chap.3, shloka, 97: 8-12.

8. Premvati Tiwari, Ayurvediya Prasuti Tantra Evum Strirog, Part-1, Prasuti Tantra, chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, P. No-349-351.


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