Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

Introduction

Ayurveda has its own identity as most ancient and traditional system of medicine in India. It deals with the whole life of human being starting from birth to end of life because Ayurveda describe the art of living and it is science of life that reveals what is appropriate as well as auspicious for a happy and long life. The term Ayurveda is form by the combination of two words – “Ayu” meaning life and “Veda” meaning knowledge. Ayurveda is regarded as the science of life and the practice involve the care of physical and mental and spiritual health of human being.

समदोषः समाग्निश्च समधातुमलक्रियः।

प्रसन्नात्मेन्द्रियमनाः स्वस्थ इत्यभिधीयते ।। सु.सु.१५/४१

The one whose ‘Doshas’ are balanced, where metabolism is balance, whose tissues and eliminations are normal and whose senses and mind are centred in its self is considered healthy’.^[1] In its holistic approach, Ayurveda gives prime importance to positive mental health. Vishada and Avasada are two conditions which are closely similar to depression in the form of mental health. The great Ayurvedic Archarya Charaka quotes.

विषादो रोगवर्धनानां ।। च.सु.२५/४०

In his commentary, Vishada is the foremost factor to worsen the disease condition.^[2] This is the first principal regarding the mental health in ayurveda. Mental disorder refers to condition which affect persons mood, thinking and behaviour. It is also called psychological disorder. It includes Schizophrenia, Bipolar disorder, Depression, Anxiety, Conversion, Alzheimer disorder, Parkinsons disease, Epilepsy, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)^[3] etc. In 2019, 1 in every 8 people or 970 million people around the world were living with a mental disorder with anxiety and depressive disorder which are the most common. In 2020, it raised significantly because of the covid-19 pandemic.^[4] It is found that 10 percent of Indian population above the age of 18 suffers from various kind of psychological illness, which induces psychological pain associated with feeling of guilt, fear, anger, loneliness and helplessness.^[5]

Ayurveda explains holistic approach about psychological illness and there treatment. Ayurveda describe mental health in Atharva Veda

description found in the respect of Manovaha Srotas. But when we go through systemic literal review of Srotas, it is said that Vata, Pitta and Kapha transverse the entire body through Srotas along with the Mansika Doshas.^[9]

3. Oja and Mana: the relationship between Oja and Mana are very relevant in the manner of Manas Roga because both Oja and Mana seated in heart when Oja become decreased the person suffer from fear, anxiety, debility, always worried, discomfort in the sense organ, bad shade (complexion), bad mind and on the contrary increase of Oja is conductive to the proper functioning of mind.^[10]

4. Asatmendriyaartha Samyoga: In Ayurveda sensory perception which are not congenial with sensory organs called Asatmendriyaartha Samyog. In short it is called unwholesome contact with the objects. They may be in the form of over utilization or non-utilization called Ayoga and or wrong utilization called ^[11]

धारयेत्तु सदा वेगान हितैषी प्रेत्य चेह च॥

लोभेर्ष्याव्देषमात्सर्य रागादीना जितेन्द्रिय॥ अ.ह.सु.४/२४

Acharya Vagbhatta told his commentary that an individual should control his senses and negative thoughts in mind like greed, irritability, anger, competition and attachment.^[12]

Several causes are responsible for mental health some are social circumstances, hereditary factors, traumatic incidents, personality of the person, biological reasons, improper diet, physical illness and overindulgence, severe mental or physical stress, unfavourable personal, familiar and social environment. According to Ayurveda there is an imbalance in Tridosha and Trigunas of mind has causative factor. Excess of Shoka, Krodh, Chinta, Kama, Lobh, Moha, Irshya, Abhimana, Mada, Bhaya are some negative emotions which can contribute to mental health.^[13]

Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa

It is described for Karmaja Vyadhi. According to Karma, disease is a divine justice form of punishment. Ayurved explained therapeutics for mental illness and its general principle of management for mental illness into 3 treaties i.e., Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya and Satvavajaya. Daivavyapashraya includes Mantra (chanting sacred hymns), Aushadha

and distributed into physical nervous system by 72000 Nadis through 7 major Chakras situated along the length of spinal column. It can be understood with possible correlation between Ayurveda and Yoga. When the energy produced due to chanting of Mantra passes from Nadis to the plexus of the physical nervous system, it turns into neural energy and is passed to the nervous which in turn obey the brain and then get circulated throughout the body through blood.

There are 7 Dhatus according to Ayurveda and here the 7 Chakras with Sahasrara at the crown of the head it nourishes the Dhatus which are the structural unit of human body. Depending on the disease and the patient’s condition the Dhatu gets affected Mantra chanting can brings healing of that particular Dhatu which are imbalance.

Use of Mantra in Chikitsa

The cause effect theory behind effects of Mantra chanting as per Ayurveda concerns heart which is base for mind its vitiation is responsible for the formulation of Manasvikara and use of Mantra is advised for treatment to purify the heart as heart gets purified the patient become normal. Hence in the psychiatric disorder patient have to faith on the Vaidya. Mantra affects not only Manas or Atma but also five sense organs are similarly involved in this process because these are the instruments through which ways of Mantra are reaching up to the soul and mind. Source of all diseases is Moha and Vata Pitta Kapha Dosha. Each Mantra causes a positive impact over Manas against the disease for the most optical effect for balancing the Tridoshas. Even in this present age of materialistic life Mantra-Shakti can prove to be more influential than any other therapy.

Many researches are going onto elicited the effect of ‘Gayatri Mantra’ and ‘Om”. Researchers found that the Mantra generates different sound ways which are helping in calmness of the mind. The references of Mantra can be applied to Swastha as a process of Dincharya, Ritucharya, or in special condition like Garbhini/Bala etc. and in Atura in case of diseases and Mantra in preparation of Bheshaja.

Conclusion

Daivavyapashraya is a kind of faith therapy mainly use in the management of both Shareerika Roga

of Chakrapani, Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan, Vimansthan Adhyaya 5 verse 1. Edition 2021.

10. Charak Samhita with Ayurved Dipika commentary of Chakrapani, Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan, Sutrasthan Adhyaya 17 verse 73. Edition 2021.

11. Charak Samhita with Ayurved Dipika commentary of Chakrapani, Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan, Sharirsthan Adhyaya 1 verse 18. Edition 2021.

12. Ashtang Hridaya with Sarvangsundara commentary of Arundatta, Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan, Sutrasthan Adhyaya 4 verse 24. Edition 2021.

13. Charak Samhita with Ayurved Dipika commentary of Chakrapani, Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan, Adhyaya Nidansthan Adhaya 7 verse 4. Edition 2021.

14. Charak Samhita with Ayurved Dipika commentary of Chakrapani, Chaukambha Surbharti Prakashan, Adhyaya Sutrasthan Adhyaya 11 verse 54. Edition 2021.