E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Khadiradi Vati

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2024 Volume 9 Number 8 AUGUST
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

A Critical Review on Khadiradi Vati - An Ayurvedic Formulation

T Srinivas1*, Rashmika K2, Rani S3, Rao SB4, Laxmi V5
DOI:10.21760/jaims.9.8.22

1* T Srinivas, Post Graduate, Post Graduate Dept of Dravya Guna, Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

2 Kavya Rashmika, Post Graduates, Post Graduate Dept of Dravya Guna, Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

3 Swarupa Rani, Professor, Post Graduate Dept of Dravya Guna, Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

4 S Babu Rao, Associate Professor, Post Graduate Dept of Dravya Guna, Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

5 Vijaya Laxmi, Professor and HOD, Post Graduate Dept of Dravya Guna, Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Ayurvedic medicine makes extensive use of herbal and herbo-mineral preparation. Because of its revitalizing qualities, long shelf life, and increased potency even at low doses, Rasaoushadis are significant in Ayurvedic medicine. One such classical multi-ingredient herbo mineral Ayurvedic formulation is Khadiradi Vati. Khadiradi Vati is a traditional Ayurvedic propriety medicine comprising of various plant and mineral based ingredients including Khadira, Javithri, Kankola, Gairika and etc. this herbo mineral preparation is used to treat various oral and skin disorders. It balances Vata, Pitta, Kapha and helps in alleviation of sore throat, reduces hoarseness and increases clarity in voice. It has described in various classical texts and can be used in Kasa, Swasa, Aruchi, Galaroga, Talu Roga, Kanta Roga, Mukha Roga, Kushta, Arsas, Bhagandara. Due to the presence of flavonoids, phytosterols, alkaloids, it acts as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant is used in treating tonsilitis, gingivitis, mouth ulcers and etc.

Keywords: Khadiradi Vati, herbo mineral preparation, Javithri, Mukha Roga, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
T Srinivas, Post Graduate, Post Graduate Dept of Dravya Guna, Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic Medical College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
Email: 		T Srinivas, Rashmika K, Rani S, Rao SB, Laxmi V, A Critical Review on Khadiradi Vati - An Ayurvedic Formulation. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2024;9(8):146-156.
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https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/3737

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2024-07-13 2024-07-23 2024-08-03 2024-08-13 2024-08-24
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
None Nil Yes 12.22

© 2024by T Srinivas, Rashmika K, Rani S, Rao SB, Laxmi Vand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Introduction

Ayurveda is the system of medicine which helps in curing the disease and helps in preventing the disease along with maintaining the healthy state of the body, mind and spirit. Ayurvedic system of medicine, which has its roots in the Vedic era and the start of civilization, is based on a holistic approach. Its aim is not just le cure of disease but the maintenance of a positive healthy state of body, mind and spirit in a healthy environment and in harmony with the universe. It also provides way of living for prevention of disease.

In modern era the prevalence of oral diseases continues to increase globally affecting around 3.5 billion people worldwide due to excessive intake of fast food, cold drink, spicy food, chewing betel nut, tobacco, smoking, drinking alcohol, improper brushing of teeth etc. Khadiradi Vati is a herbo mineral preparation described in various Samhithas and classical texts is used to treat various oral diseases like tonsillitis, gum diseases, foul breath, mouth ulcers, stomatitis.

The main ingredients of this preparation are Khadira, Javithri, Kankola, Kapoor, Gairika etc., it helps in treating disorders relating to the mouth, such as infections of the teeth, throat, tongue, palate, cough, and cold. It can be used as chewable in treating oral diseases. Properties of this formulation is based on drugs and the method of preparation as it has been described in two varieties Swalpa and Brihat Khadiradi Vati with various ingredients in different classical texts.

Its enormous healing properties relieve sore throat reduce hoarseness by reducing vocal cord irritation and inflammation, enhances clarity in voice. It helps to balance all the three Doshas, but especially Pitta, Kapha. This herbal preparation used in management of various ailments related to the oral cavity, including bad breath, disorders of the teeth, dental caries, stomatitis, anorexia, locked jaw, tonsillitis, throat and skin diseases.

Aim and Objectives

  • To put an insight on various references and indications of Khadiradi Vati.
  • To understand the properties (Guna) and action (Karma) of Khadiradi Vati according to Ayurvedic pharmacology (Dravya Guna).

Materials and Methods

Literary work is done from various texts like Charaka Samhita, Astanga Hridaya, Astanga Sangraha, Yogarathnakara, Bhaishajyaratnavali, Gadanigraha, Ayurvedasarasangraha, Chakradatta, Vrinda Madhava, Rasa Yoga Sagara, API, articles, etc.

Indications: Khadiradi Vati is indicated in wide variety of diseases.

Table 1: Indications according to different authors

IndicationsC.SA.HA. SY.R(1)Y.R(2)G.N(Bri)G.N(Lag)B.R(Bri)B.R(Lag)V.M(Bri)V.M(Lag)C.D(Bri)C.D(Lag)
Mukha Daurganda+------+-----
Mukapaka+------------
Mukharoga +---+-+-+++++
Dantaroga+---+---+++++
Chaladanta +------------
Dantasausirya+------------
Dantakrimi+------------
Dantabramsha+------------
Dantasrava+------------
Dantashaithilya +------------
Dantasosha +------------
Danthapichilatva +------------
Galaroga+---+--+-+-+-
Svarabhanga +------+-----
Galasosha +------------
Jihwa roga----+---++-++
Mukhajadya+------------
Ostaroga ----+--++++++
Taluroga ----+--+-++++
Kasa---+---+-----
Svasa ---+---------
Aruchi -------+-+-+-
Kushta --+--+-------
Prameha --+----------
Grahani --+----------
Arshas --+----------
Bhagandara --+----------

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Literature Review

Table 2: Other references of Khadiradi Vati in different books

SNName of the bookReference
1.Charaka SamhithaCharaka Chikitsa Sthana chapter-26/199-207.
2.Astanga HridayaUttarasthana chapter -22.
3.Astanga SangrahaChikitsa Sthana, Kushta Chikitsa.
4.YogarathnakaraKasa Chikitsa, Mukha Roga Chikitsa.
5.Bhaishajya RatnavaliMukha Roga vol-3.
6.GadanigrahaGutikadikara Chathurdha, Shalakya Tantra Mukharogadhikara.
7.Ayurvedasara SangrahaReference of Yogaratnakara.
8.ChakradattaKarna Roga Chikitsa Prakaranam.
9.Vrinda MadhavaTreatment of oral diseases.
10.Rasa Yoga SagaraReference of Gada Nigraha and Astanga Sangraha.
11.Rasatantrasara Va Siddha Prayoga SangrahaReference of Vrindha Madhava.
12.Ayurvedic pharmacopeia of IndiaReference of Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Stana and Brihat as Yogaratnakara Kasa Chikitsa Adhyaya.

Table 3: Drugs mentioned in Khadiradi Vati from different books

DrugsC.SA.HA. SY.R(1)Y.R(2)G.N(B)G.N(L)B.R(B)B.R(L)V.M(B)V.M(L)C.D(B)C.D(L)
Khadira+++++++++++++
Arimeda++-----+-+-+-
Sevya++-----------
Pattanga++-----------
Sweta Chandana++-----+-+-+-
Rakta Chandana-+-----+-+-+-
Tivrit-+-----+-+---
Lodhra++-----+-+-+-
Pundrahvaya-+-----------
Yastimadhu++-----+-+-+-
Laksha++-----------
Anjana-+-----+-+-+-
Rasanjana++-------+-+-
Dhataki++-----+-+-+-
Katphala++-+---+-+-+-
Haridra++-----+-+-+-
Haritaki++++-+-+-+-+-
Vibhitaki++++-+-+-+-+-
Amalaki+++--+-+-+-+-
Twak++--+--+---+-
Ela++--+--+-+-+-
Patra-+--+--------
Nagakesara-+--+----+-+-
Jongaka-+-----------
Musta++---------+-
Manjista++-------+-+-
Nyagrodha-+-----------
Vaca++---+-------
Jatamamsi++-----+-+-+-
Yavasaka++-+---+-+-+-
Padmaka++-----+-+-+-
Samanga++-----+-+-+-
Jatiphala++--+--+++++-
Jatipatra-+---------++
Nakha++-----------
Lavanga++-+---+-+-+-
Kankola++----+++++++
Karpoora++--+-+++++++
Prapaundarika+----------+-
Kamala kesara+------------
Hrivera+------------
Daruharidra++-------+-+-
Priyangu+----------+-
Agaru+------+-+-+-
Gairika++-----+-+-+-
Asana--+----------
Bakuchi--+--+-------
Chitrakamula--+--+-------
Brahmi--+----------

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Bhringaraja--+----------
Loha--+----------
Vidanga--+--+-------
Mrinala-------+-+---
Ambu+++-+-+++++++
Vikasa-------+-+---
Ghana-------+-+---
Sripushpa-------+-+---
Kutanatta-------+-----
Vataruha-------+-+-+-
Surabhi -------+-+-+-
Dushta -------+-----
Puga ----+-+-+-+-+
Chameli Ki Patti------+------
Kasthuri ----+--------
Pushkaramoola---+---------
Karkataka Shringi---+---------
Dwijayastika ---+---------
Sunthi ---+---------
Maricha ---+---------
Pippali ---+---------
Ativisha ---+---------
Krishnajeeraka ---+---------
Guduchi ---+---------
Brihat Kantakari ---+---------
Laghu Kantakari---+---------
Valkala---------+-+-
Bijaka-----+-------
Nimba Twak-----+-------
Shala-----+-------
Gomutra -----+-------
Bhallataka -----+-------
Ardraka ---+---------
Dadima Twak---+---------
Babbula Twak---+---------
Babbula Patra---+---------
Kutaja Twak-----+-------
Tamala -------+---+-
Balaka +----------+-
Ushira+----------+-

Table 4: Ingredients of Khadiradi Vati according to Charaka

SNSanskrit NameScientific NameQuantity
1.Khadira SaraAcacia catechu Willd4 kg
2.ArimedaAcacia farnesiana wild8 kg
3.ChandanaSantalum album Linn10 gms
4.PadmakaPrunus puddum Roxb10 gms
5.UsiraVetiveria zizanoides Linn10 gms
6.ManjistaRubia cordifoila Linn10 gms
7.DhatakiWoodfordia fruticosa (L) Kurz10 gms
8.MustaCyperus rotundus Linn10 gms
9.PrapaundarikaNelumbo nucifera Gaertn10 gms
10.YastimadhuGlycyrrhiza glabra Linn10 gms
11.TwakCinnamomum zeylanica Blume10 gms
12.ElaElettaria cardomomum Maton10 gms
13.KamalakesaraPollen of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn10 gms
14.LakshaLaccifer lacca10 gms
15.RasanjanaExtract of Berberis aristate Dc10 gms
16.JatamamsiNardostachys jatamamsi Dc10 gms
17.HaritakiTerminalia chebula10 gms
18.VibhitakiTerminalia bellerica10 gms
19.AmalakiEmblica officinalis10 gms
20.LodhraSymplocos racemose Roxb10 gms
21.BalakaPavonia odorata10 gms
22.HaridraCurcuma longa Linn10 gms
23.DaruharidraBerberis aristate Dc10 gms
24.PriyanguCallicarpa macrophylla vahl10 gms
25.SamangaMimosa pudica Linn10 gms
26.KatphalaMyrica nagi thumb10 gms

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27.VacaAcorus calamus Linn10 gms
28.YavasaAlhagi camelorum, Fagonia cretica*10 gms
29.AguruAquilaria agallocha Roxb10 gms
30.PattangaCaesalpinia sappan Linn10 gms
31.GairikaRed ochre10 gms
32.AnjanaBlack antimony10 gms
33.LavangaSyzygium aromaticum10 gms
34.NakhaCapparis sepiaria40 gms
35.KankolaPiper cubeba40 gms
36.JatikosaMyristica fragrans Houtt40 gms
37.KarpooraCinnamomum camphora Linn160 gms
38.Water-41 litres

Table 5: Rasa Panchaka of different drugs in Khadiradi Vati

SNName of DrugRasaGunaVeeryaVipakaPrabhava
1.KadhiraTikta, KashayaLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuBalances Kapha, Pitta
2.ArimedaKashaya, TiktaLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
3.Swetha ChandhanaTikta , MadhuraLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta
Shamaka
4.Rakta ChandhanaTikta, MadhuraLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
5.PadmakaKashaya, TiktaLaghu, SnigdhaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
6.UsiraTikta, MadhuraLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuVata Pitta Shamaka
7.ManjistaTikta, MadhuraLaghu, RukshaUshnaKatuKaphapitta Shamaka
8.DhatakiKashayaLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
9.MustaTikta, Katu, KasayaLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKaphapitta Shamaka
10.PrapaundarikaKasaya, Madhura, TiktaLaghu, Snigdha, pichilasheethaMadhuraKaphapitta Shamaka
11.YastimadhuMadhuraGuru, SnigdhaSheethaMadhuraVatapittahara
12.TwakKatu, TiktaLaghu, RukshaUshnaKatuBalances Vata, Kapha.
13.ElaKatu, MadhuraLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha,Vata Shamaka
14.Kamala KesaraKasaya, Madhura, TiktaLaghu, Snigdha, PichilaSheethaMadhuraKaphapittashamka
16.LakshaKashayaLaghu, SnigdhaSheetha
17.RasanjanaTikta, KasayaLaghu, RukshaUshnaKatuKaphapittahara
18.JatamamsiTikta, Kasaya, MadhuraLaghu, SnigdhaSheethaKatuTridosa Shamaka
19.HaritakiKashaya Rasa Pradhana AlavanaLaghu, RukshaushnaMadhuraTridosa Shamaka
20.VibhithakiKashayaLaghu, RukshaUshnaMadhuraKaphavata Shamaka
21.AmalakiAmlarasa Pradhana Pancharasa alavanaGuruSheethaMadhuraTridoshahara
22.LodhraKashaya, TiktaLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
23.BalakaTiktaLaghu, RukshaSheethaPitta Kapha Shamaka
24.HaridraTikta KatuLaghu, RukshaUshnaKatuVata Kapha Shamaka
25.DaruharidraTikta, KashayaLaghu, RukshaUshnaKatuVata Kapha Shamaka
26.PriyanguTikta, Kasaya, MadhuraLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuTridosa Shamaka
27.SamangaKashaya, TiktaLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
28.KatphalaKashaya, TiktaLaghu, TeekshnaUshnaKatuUshna
29.VacaKatu, TiktaLaghu, TeekshnaUshnaKatuKapha Vata Shamaka
30.YavasaMadhura Tikta, KashayaLaghuSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
31.AgaruKatu, TiktaLaghu, TeekshnaUshnaKatuVata Kapha Shamaka
32.PattangaKashaya, Tikta, MadhuraRukshaSheetaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
33.GairikaKashaya, Madhura,SnigdhaSheethaKapha Pitta Shamaka
34.AnjanaKatu, TiktaUshnaKapha Shamaka
35.LavangaTikta,KatuLaghu, SnigdhaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka
36.NakhaKatu,LaghuUshnaKatuKapha Vata Shamaka
37.KakkolaKatu, TiktaLaghu, RukshaUshnaKatuKapha Vata Shamaka
38.JatikosaTikta, KatuLaghu, TeekshnaUshnaKatuKapha Vata Shamaka
39.KarpuraTikta, Katu, MadhuraLaghu, RukshaSheethaKatuKapha Pitta Shamaka.

Method of preparation of Brihat Khadiradi Vati according to Charaka

Heartwood of Khadira and Arimeda is washed and separated they should be cooked in water until the water gets reduced to ¼th after straining and again heated slowly till it gets thickened. Then powder of each of the Dravyas Chandana, Padmaka, Usira, Manjista, Dhataki, Musta, Prapaundarika, Yastimadhu, Twak, Ela, Kamalakesara, Laksha, Rasanjana, Jatamamsi, Triphala, Lodhra, Balaka, Haridra, Daruharidra, Priyangu, Ela, Samanga, Katphala, Vaca, Yavasa, Agaru, Pattanga, Gairika, and Anjana are added after it is cooled then Prakeshpaka Dravyas like Lavanga, Nakha, Kakkola, Jatikosa, Karpoora is added and the whole is made into pills and dried.

Method of preparation of Laghu Khadiradi Vati according to Bhaishajya Rathnavali

Khadira is boiled in water till 1/8th water remains then add each of the Churna Dravyas like Jati, Karpura, Puga, and Kakkola mix well and made into pills.


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Phytochemicals of Khadiradi Vati

Phytochemicals of Acacia catechu wild bark extract contains Catechin, catechuic acid, myristic acid, saponins, tannins, phenols, carbohydrates, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides.

Discussion

Khadiradi Vati is a traditional Ayurvedic formulation made from multiple herbs. Khadiradi Vati has been described in different Samhithas and classical texts many authors have described two types Brihat and Laghu varieties. Charaka has described it in Chikitsa Sthana Trimarmiya Adhyaya can be used in Mukha Roga. Astanga Sangraha has described it in Kushta Chikitsa used in Kushta, Prameha, Grahani, Arshas, Bhagandhara. In Gada Nigraha of Sri Vaidya Sodhala they described Khadiradi Vati in Prayoga Khanda and in Shalakya Tantra Mukharogadikara used in Kustha Roga and in Mukha Roga with different drugs. In Vrnda Madhava or Sidda Yoga author has described in treatment of oral diseases, Swalpa Khadiradi Vatika used in teeth, lip, palate and mouth disorders and Brihat Khadiradi Vati helps in treating diseases of throat, lips, teeth, tongue and palate. Bhaishajya Ratnavali Mukha Roga describes two types of Khadiradi Vati: Swalpa Khadiradi Vati, used to treat disorders of mouth, including those of teeth, palate, lips, and tongue. Brihat Khadiradi Vati is used to treat diseases of tongue, teeth, cough, and palate. In Chakradatta Karnaroga Chikitsaprakarana Brihat and Swalpa Khadiradi Vati used in teeth, lip, mouth diseases and Brihat Khadiradi Vati used in Gala Roga, Osta Roga. In yoga Rathnakara Khadiradi Gutika is mentioned in Kasa Chikista and Mukharoga Chikitsa it is used in lip, teeth, mouth, throat, palate disorders.

According to Srotas

  • Pranavaha Srotas: Kasa, Swasa
  • Annavaha Srotas: Aruchi
  • Udakavaha Srotas: Prameha
  • Rasavaha Srotas: Aruchi, Kushta
  • Raktavaha Srotas: Kushta
  • Mamsa Medo Vaha Srotas: Prameha
  • Asthivaha, Majjavaha: Danta Roga
  • Mutravaha Srotas: Prameha, Bhagandara
  • Purishavaha Srotas: Arshas

In Mukha, Kapha Dosa along with Vata and Pitta Dosas gets aggravated and produces Mukha Roga along with vitiation of Rakta Dhatu occurs.

Khadiradi Vati possess Vatakaphahara property has Tikta, Kasaya Rasa helps in eliminating Kapha which is the main seat of Mukha Roga.

Main ingredient of Khadiradi Vati is Khadira Sara it has the properties of Tikta, Kashaya Rasa, Laghu, Ruksha Guna, Katu Vipaka, Vata Kaphahara can be used in Mukha Roga.

Triphala, Haridra, Daruharidra, Jatikosa mainly used in eliminating the accumulated Kapha, Vata, and balances Pitta. Laghu, Ruksha Guna of Khadiradi Vati acts as Lekhana and Ropana property cures mouth ulcers. Khadira, Arimeda, Chandana, Padmaka, Usira, Manjista, Balaka, Haridra Dwaya, Karpoora, Jatiphala, Samanga, Katphala which acts as Mukha Vaisadya Karaka, Srotoshodana and Lekhana of Kapha, helps in relieving pain and acts on Krimi Roga. Madhura Rasa of Chandana, Usira, Manjista, Ela, Karpura decreases burning sensation in mouth, Sadindriya Prasadaka, Kanthya, Grana, Mukha, Kantha, Osta, Jihwa Prahladana. Gairika, Rasanjana acts as Raktashodaka, Shothahara can be used in Mukha Rogas.

Vaca, Yastimadhu, Musta, Laksha acts as Rasayana.

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant helps in relieving swelling of gums, mucous membrane, pharynx, laryngx, mouth ulcers. Antimicrobial and oral antiseptic property helps in healing mouth ulcers, dental caries, tooth decay and emmolient helps in smoothening throat, mouth and relieves bad breath.

As Khadira is the main ingredient in Khadiradi Vati it has Kandughna and Deepana, Pachana Karma along with other drugs, Raktashodaka and can be used in skin disorders.

Conclusion

Khadiradi Vati is described in various classical text in two different varieties, Laghu Khadiradi Vati and Brihat Khadiradi Vati it can be used in various diseases like Mukha Roga, Danta Roga, Osta Roga, Jihwa Roga, Kasa, Swasa, Aruchi, Prameha, Grahani, Kushta, Arsas, Bhagandara and etc in clinical practice it is mostly used in Mukha Roga as chewable and Kushta because of its various properties.


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