Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2025 Volume 10 Number 6 JUNE
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Ashta Phala Ghrita - A contemporary Ayurvedic formulation commonly used for Gastrointestinal Health

Bharathy A1, Kamat RV2*, Srivarshini3
DOI:10.21760/jaims.10.6.34

1 Asath Bharathy, Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Shri BMK Ayurveda Mahavidhyalaya Post Graduate Studies and Research Centre, A Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed-To-Be University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

2* Rajeshwari V Kamat, Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Shri BMK Ayurveda Mahavidhyalaya Post Graduate Studies and Research Centre, A Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed-To-Be University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

3 Srivarshini, Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Shri BMK Ayurveda Mahavidhyalaya Post Graduate Studies and Research Centre, A Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed-To-Be University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

Ashta Phala Ghṛita is a traditional Ayurvedic medicated ghee formulation, highly revered for its therapeutic efficacy in managing gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, particularly Grahaṇi Roga and Agnimandhya. Sourced from the Bhaishajya Ratnavali, this classical preparation integrates eight readily available ingredients, including Triphala and Trikatu, combined with cow’s ghee and jaggery, forming a simple yet potent remedy. The formulation is designed to stimulate Agni (digestive fire), digest Ama (metabolic toxins), and rejuvenate the intestinal mucosa, thereby addressing the root causes of chronic digestive dysfunctions like malabsorption syndromes and irritable bowel conditions. The unique lipophilic nature of ghee enhances the bioavailability of herbal actives, while the synergistic action of the ingredients imparts Deepana (appetizer), Pachana (digestive), Rasayana (rejuvenative), and Srotoshodhaka (channel-cleansing) effects. Contemporary research validates the pharmacological activities of the constituent herbs, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory properties, aligning with Ayurvedic principles. Ashta Phala Ghṛita not only corrects impaired digestion but also restores the structural and functional integrity of the Grahaṇi organ. Its ease of preparation, cost-effectiveness, and high clinical efficacy make Ashta Phala Ghṛita a highly relevant and sustainable formulation in both classical and contemporary Ayurvedic practice for GI health. The detailed pharmaceutical process, adherence to traditional Sneha Kalpana principles, and precise ingredient selection ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes. Thus, Ashta Phala Ghṛita stands as a valuable, time-tested intervention in the management of complex gastrointestinal disorders through holistic restoration of digestive strength and gut health.

Keywords: Ashtaphala ghrita, GI health, Grahani, Agnimandhya, Gut microbes

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Rajeshwari V Kamat, Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Shri BMK Ayurveda Mahavidhyalaya Post Graduate Studies and Research Centre, A Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Deemed-To-Be University, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.
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Bharathy A, Kamat RV, Srivarshini, Ashta Phala Ghrita - A contemporary Ayurvedic formulation commonly used for Gastrointestinal Health. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2025;10(6):258-263.
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Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2025-05-10 2025-05-24 2025-06-04 2025-06-14 2025-06-24
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© 2025 by Bharathy A, Kamat RV, Srivarshini and Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Introduction

Ghrita (medicated ghee) is a crucial dosage form in Ayurveda, renowned for its therapeutic efficacy, bioavailability, and ability to penetrate deep tissues. Prepared by processing clarified butter (ghee) with medicinal herbs, Ghrita formulations are widely used for internal and external applications. The unique lipophilic nature of ghee allows it to absorb active phytochemicals, enhancing their stability and facilitating their transport across cellular membranes, including the blood-brain barrier.[1] Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita describe numerous Ghrita formulations, each tailored for specific ailments. Notable examples include Brahmi Ghrita for cognitive enhancement, Triphala Ghrita for eye disorders, and Panchagavya Ghrita for detoxification. The preparation process involves prolonged heating of ghee with herbal decoctions, pastes, and juices, ensuring the extraction of fat-soluble and water-soluble bioactive compounds.[2]

Ghrita is extensively used in Panchakarma therapy, particularly in Snehapana (internal oleation) to facilitate detoxification. Its rejuvenating & nourishing properties make it beneficial for neurological, digestive & respiratory disorders. Modern pharmacological studies have corroborated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory & neuroprotective effects, validating traditional Ayurvedic claims.[3]

Ashta phala Ghrita is classical Ayurvedic formulation known for its simplicity & effectiveness. This medicated ghee is composed of eight carefully selected ingredients, each contributing unique therapeutic benefits. It is traditionally described in authoritative Ayurvedic text Bhaishajya Ratnavali, specifically under chapter Grahani Roga Adhikara, which deals with disorders related to gastrointestinal system. This formulation is primarily indicated for conditions such as Agnimandhya (digestive fire impairment) & Grahani (a condition associated with chronic digestive disturbances, often likened to irritable bowel syndrome or malabsorption syndromes in modern medicine). The ingredients in Ashta Phala Ghritam are renowned for their Deepana (appetite-stimulating), Pachana (digestive), Rasayana (rejuvenative), and Agnivardhaka (digestive fire-enhancing) properties, making it comprehensive remedy for improving digestion & metabolic activity.[4]

What makes Ashta Phala Ghrita particularly appealing is its ease of preparation and the accessibility of its components. All eight ingredients are commonly available, which allows for convenient formulation without the need for rare or costly substances. This not only enhances its practicality for practitioners and patients alike but also ensures its continued relevance in both traditional practice and modern Ayurvedic therapies

Materials and Methods

In Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, the preparation of Ghrita (medicated ghee) follows a well-established methodology involving three primary components. These include: (1) Kalka - This refers to a fine paste made from one or more medicinal substances. It constitutes one part of the total formulation and serves as the active herbal base, contributing the primary therapeutic properties to the final product. (2)Sneha Dravya - This is the fatty medium, typically in the form of Ghrita (ghee) or taila (oil), and it forms four parts of the formulation. The Sneha acts as a carrier, helping in the extraction, preservation, and effective delivery of the medicinal properties of the herbs used. (3) Drava Dravya - This is the liquid component, which could be in the form of Kashaya (herbal decoction), Swarasa (fresh juice), Dugdha (milk), or other suitable liquids.[5] It is used in sixteen parts and facilitates the cooking process while aiding in the extraction of active constituents from the herbal paste into the Sneha Dravya. These proportions - 1-part Kalka, 4 parts Sneha, and 16 parts Drava - are the standard ratios prescribed for most Ghrita preparations. However, it is important to note that classical texts occasionally deviate from this general formula. In such cases, the Acharyas (ancient scholars) have provided specific quantities for each ingredient based on the desired therapeutic action, the nature of the herbs involved, or the target condition being treated. These deviations are intentional and are rooted in deep clinical insight and experiential knowledge passed down through generations.[6]

Hence, while the standard proportion serves as a guideline, strict adherence to the quantities mentioned in classical formulations takes precedence whenever specific instructions are given. This reflects the precision and flexibility inherent in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics, allowing formulations to be tailored for maximum efficacy.


Drug Review[7]

SNIngredientsBotanical nameParts UsedQuantity
1.ShuntiZingiber officinaleRhizome1/6 Bilva
2.PippaliPiper longumFruit1/6 Bilva
3.MarichaPiper nigrumFruit1/6 Bilva
4.HaritakiTerminalia chebulaFruit1/6 Bilva
5.VibethakiTerminalia belliricaFruit1/6 Bilva
6.AmalakiEmblica officinalisFruit1/6 Bilva
7.Guda--1 Pala
8.Go Ghrita--8 Pala

Rasapanchaka of the drugs[8]

DrugRasaGunaViryaVipakaKarma
ShuntiKatuLahu, SnigdhaUshnaMadhuraDeepana, Pacana
PippaliKatuLahu, SnigdhaAnushna SheetaMadhuraRasayana, Deepana, Kaphahara
MarichaKatuLaghu, TeekshnaUshnaKatuDeepana, Pachana, Shwasahara
HaritakiPancharasa except LavanaLaghu, RukshaUshnaMadhuraRasayana, Virechana, Tridoshahara
VibethakiKashayaLaghu, RukshaUshnaMadhuraKapha-Pittahara, Netrahita, Rasayana
AmalakiPancharasa except LavanaLaghu, RukshaSheetaMadhuraRasayana, Tridoshahara, Chakshushya, Vrishya
GudaMadhuraGuru, SnigdhaUshnaMadhuraVatahara, Raktashodhaka, Deepana, Balya
Go GhritaMadhuraGuru, SnigdhaSheetaMadhuraMedhya, Rasayana, Agnivardhaka, Vata-Pitta Shamaka

Phyto chemicals and pharmaceutical activities of the Drugs:[9,10,11]

DrugsPhyto chemicalsPharmacological Activities
ShuntiGingerol, Shogaol, Zingerone, Essential oils (camphene, cineole, borneol), Flavonoids, ResinsDigestive stimulant, Anti-inflammatory, Carminative, Analgesic, Antioxidant, Anti-emetic, Cardioprotective
PippaliPiperine, Piperaline, Myrcene, Sabinene. Alkaloids, LignansExpectorant, Bronchodilator, Hepatoprotective, Carminative, Immunomodulatory, Neuroprotective
MarichaPiperine, Chavicine, Terpenes, Flavonoids, Essential oils (β-caryophyllene, limonene)Bioavailability enhancer, Thermogenic, Antimicrobial, Anti-inflammatory, Antidepressant, Antioxidant
HaritakiTannins (Chebulagic acid, Chebulinic acid), Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, Flavonoids, SaponinsRejuvenative, Laxative, Antimicrobial, Digestive aid, Antioxidant, Hepatoprotective
VibethakiGallic acid, Ellagic acid, Chebulagic acid, Beta-sitosterol, LuteolinAntidiabetic, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Laxative
AmalakiVitamin C (Ascorbic acid), Tannins (Emblicanin A & B), Gallic acid, Ellagic acid, QuercetinRejuvenative, Immunomodulatory, Cardioprotective, Hepatoprotective, Antidiabetic, Neuroprotective
GudaPhenolic compounds, Flavonoids, Iron, Magnesium, Calcium, B-complex vitaminsDetoxifies body, Energy booster, Respiratory tonic, Digestive aid, Antioxidant
Go GhritaButyric acid, Omega-3 fatty acids, Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), Vitamin A, D, E, K, PhospholipidsBrain tonic, Rejuvenative, Anti-inflammatory, Immunomodulatory, Cardioprotective

Acharya Kaviraj Govinda Das Sen has clearly specified the quantities of the ingredients to be used, offering precise guidance for its preparation. This attention to detail highlights the depth of traditional Ayurvedic knowledge and ensures the formulation is both effective and consistent in its therapeutic action. According to the yoga (formula), the Kalka Dravya - which is the herbal paste - is prepared using six potent ingredients: Shunti (dry ginger), Pippali (long pepper), Maricha (black pepper), Haritaki, Vibhitaki, and Amalaki. These six herbs are to be taken in equal proportions,

collectively weighing 1 Bilva, which is equivalent to 48 grams. Therefore, each individual herb is measured as 1/6th of a Bilva, amounting to 8 grams per ingredient. In addition to these six herbs, Guda (jaggery) is also incorporated into the Kalka, in a quantity of 1 Pala or 48 grams. The herbs and jaggery are thoroughly ground together to form a uniform paste, which serves as the Kalka for the preparation. For the Sneha Dravya, Go Ghrita (cow’s ghee) is used in a quantity of 8 Pala, which equals 384 grams. Ghrita acts as the lipid medium in which the herbal components are processed and infused.


As for the Drava Dravya (liquid medium), the original yoga does not explicitly mention a specific liquid to be used. In such cases, traditional Ayurvedic practice allows for the use of Jala (water) as a default Drava Dravya. Following the standard ratio for Sneha Kalpana (medicated ghee/oil preparations) - 1-part Kalka, 4 parts Sneha, and 16 parts Drava - the amount of water to be used is calculated accordingly. With 48 grams of Kalka, the proportionate quantity of Drava Dravya would be 16 times that amount, which comes to approximately 768 millilitres. However, to ensure optimal extraction and absorption of the medicinal properties during the preparation process, a slightly higher amount of water—approximately 1.5 liters - is commonly used. This also compensates for evaporation losses during the slow and prolonged heating process required for Ghrita preparation.[12]

The methodical process of cooking medicated ghee with herbal pastes and liquids. The procedure begins by gently warming Go Ghrita (cow’s ghee) in a clean and dry Patra (vessel) over a low flame. It is important to maintain mild, controlled heat throughout the process to ensure that the medicinal qualities of the ingredients are preserved and not destroyed by overheating.[13]

Once the ghee is sufficiently warmed, the Kalka (herbal paste) - which in this case is made from the six powdered herbs (Shunti, Pippali, Maricha, Haritaki, Vibhitaki, Amalaki) along with Guda (jaggery) - is added to the vessel. Following this, the Drava Dravya (liquid medium) - typically Jala (water) in this formulation - is poured in. The mixture of Ghrita, Kalka, and Drava is then allowed to simmer slowly and uniformly, with continuous stirring to prevent the contents from sticking to the bottom or burning.

The boiling continues until the entire aqueous portion (water) evaporates, and only the medicated ghee remains. This is a critical phase in Sneha Kalpana, as the efficacy and safety of the final preparation depend on accurately identifying the endpoint, known as Sneha Siddhi Lakshanas - signs that indicate the proper cooking of the medicated ghee. These include: Varthi Sankhya (Wick Test) - A small portion of the Kalka (residual herbal paste), when rolled between the thumb and index finger, should form a Varthi (wick-like shape). This indicates the Kalka has reached the proper consistency and moisture has evaporated.

Nirghosha (Sound Test) - When a bit of this Kalka is placed on a flame, no crackling sound should be heard. This confirms the complete evaporation of water content, which is essential to prevent spoilage and to enhance the shelf life of the Ghrita. Phena Shanti (Cessation of Frothing) - During boiling, frothing occurs due to the presence of water. The disappearance of foam or froth from the surface is a clear sign that the water has evaporated, and the ghee has reached the desired state of preparation.[14]

These Sneha Paka Lakshanas must be observed carefully to ensure the proper transformation of the ingredients into a stable and potent medicated Ghrita. Once these signs are evident, the heating is stopped, and the Ashta Phala Ghritam is filtered and stored in a clean, dry container for therapeutic use.

Discussion

Ashta Phala Ghrita is one of the unique Ghrita preparations mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavalli with very less and easily available ingredients like Triphala and Trikatu. The name Ashta Phala Ghritam maybe due to 2 reasons (1) total of 8 ingredients being used or (2) Ghrita taken in the preparation in the quantity of 8 Phala. Ashta Phala Ghritam is indicated in Grahani Roga and Agnimandhya.

Probable mode of action on Grahani and Agnimandhya

Nidanas disturb the Jatharagni, leading to Mandagni (low digestive fire). As a result, food is not properly digested, leading to Ama Utpatti (formation of toxins). The undigested material and vitiated Doshas accumulate in the Grahani, leading to dysfunction. The structural and functional capacity of Grahani is compromised.[15] Doshic Involvement: Pitta: Increases Tikshna (sharpness) → leads to burning, diarrhoea. Vata: Increases Ruksha (dryness), Chala (instability) → causes irregular bowels, gas. Kapha: Increases Manda (sluggishness), Snigdha (stickiness) → leads to heaviness, mucus in stool. Doshas + Ama localizes in Grahani.[16] This impairs the retention and proper processing of food. The improperly digested food is either passed early (as in Atisara) or retained excessively (as in Vibandha). Resulting in Malabsorption, Ama formation and Nutritional deficiencies.[17]


In Ashta phala Ghrita both Triphala and Trikatu are present. Trikatu is known for its Tikshna Deepana (Potent stimulant of Jatharagni; used when Mandagni is severe) and Srotoshodhana (Clears Annavaha Srotas, enhancing absorption).[18] Triphala has Mala Shodhana (Acts as a mild Rechana, balancing both Atisara and Vibandha), Grahi (Despite being mildly laxative, it stabilizes absorption in chronic Grahani by regulating intestinal tone) and Antioxidant which supports gut microbiome, helps restore mucosal lining.[19] Both Triphala and Trikatu are having Ama Pachana which clears Ama. All the drugs except Maricha have Madhura Vipaka even though there are Ushna in Virya, this Madhura Vipaka and Rasayana Karma of the drugs enhances cellular repair, gut mucosa healing, prevents tissue depletion (Dhatu Kshaya). Guda has Snigdha + Ushna properties help pacify Vata, which is often aggravated in Vataja or Sannipataja Grahani useful in bloating, dryness, irregular bowels.[20] Ghrita acts as a Yogavahi which enhances bioavailability of other drugs, Rasayana and Pithashamaka. Hence Ashta Phala Ghrita pacifies Agnimandhya which in turn leads to suppression of Grahani Roga.[21] This formulation, although minimalistic in terms of the number of ingredients, showcases a deeply holistic and multifaceted therapeutic action. The combination of Triphala and Trikatu harmoniously integrates both rejuvenative and eliminative approaches: where Trikatu acts as a powerful Deepana-Pachana (appetizer and digestive stimulant), Triphala supports gentle detoxification, while also regulating absorption and promoting intestinal health. The inclusion of Guda (jaggery), often considered just a sweetener, plays a subtle yet important role by providing Vata-pacifying and Agni-stimulating properties, especially beneficial in chronic and Vata-dominant Grahani conditions. Ghrita, being Rasayana, Pitta-Shamana, and Yogavahi, not only heals the gut lining but also potentiates the overall effect of the formulation by enhancing bioavailability and tissue-level absorption.

The thoughtful synergy between these drugs addresses all the core aspects of Grahaṇi Samprapti from Agnimandhya and Ama formation to Dosha vitiation and Dhatukshaya. It clears the Srotorodha (channel obstruction), enhances Agni, and supports intestinal mucosal repair, ultimately breaking the pathological cycle of Grahani.[22]

Conclusion

Aṣhṭa Phala Ghṛita is a shining example of how a well-balanced Ayurvedic formulation rooted in classical wisdom can provide a comprehensive, safe, and sustainable solution to complex digestive disorders. It not only aims to relieve symptoms but also corrects the root cause by restoring Agni, clearing Ama, and rejuvenating the gut, thereby reinstating the physiological function of Grahani as the seat of digestive health. Aṣhṭa Phala Ghṛita is a brilliant therapeutic formulation for correcting Agnimandhya, Eliminating Ama, restoring Grahani structure and function. It’s simple yet synergistic combination of Triphala, Trikatu, Guda, and Ghrita makes it. A cost-effective, easily available, and clinically effective remedy in Grahani Roga.

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