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Review Article

Rasavaha Srotas

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2025 Volume 10 Number 8 August
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

Understanding Dyslipidemia as a disease of Rasavaha Srotas

Joshi N1*, Goswami M2
DOI:10.21760/jaims.10.8.19

1* Nirmala Joshi, PhD Scholar, PG Department of Rachana Sharir, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.

2 Madhavi Goswami, Former Registrar UAU, Professor, PG Department of Rachana Sharir, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.

Background: Dyslipidaemia, a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal lipid profiles, is a key risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In Āyurveda, such metabolic imbalances are primarily associated with the Rasavaha Srotas, the bodily channel system responsible for the transportation and transformation of Rasa Dhātu. This concept offers a unique pathophysiological insight linking lipid disorders with Doṣa-Duṣṭi and Srotodushti.

Aim: To explore dyslipidemia through the lens of Rasavaha Srotas dysfunction and establish a conceptual correlation between modern lipid disorders and Āyurvedic pathophysiology.

Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review of classical Āyurvedic texts was undertaken to analyze the concept of Rasavaha Srotas, its physiological role, and pathological manifestations. Parallel review of contemporary scientific literature on dyslipidemia was performed to identify shared pathophysiological grounds. Comparative evaluation was done to correlate Doṣic involvement, Āma formation, and Srotorodha with lipid metabolism abnormalities.

Observations and Results: Dyslipidemia shares clinical resemblance with conditions involving Kapha and Medo Doṣa aggravation, Āma production, and Srotorodha in the Rasavaha and Medovaha Srotas. Improper Agnibala, especially of Rasāgni and Medodhatvāgni, leads to impaired transformation and assimilation of Rasa Dhātu, culminating in lipid imbalance. Repeated episodes of faulty Ahāra, Vihāra, and sedentary lifestyle contribute to Rasavaha Srotodushti, which parallels the etiology and pathology of dyslipidaemia in biomedicine.

Discussion: Understanding dyslipidemia as a disease of Rasavaha Srotas provides a holistic model emphasizing early intervention through Dīpanīya, Pācana, Āmapācana, and Srotoshodhana therapies. Preventive approaches based on Ahāra-Vihāra regulation, Ritu-anukula Carya, and Dinacarya offer sustainable solutions for dyslipidemia management, bridging traditional wisdom with modern therapeutic goals.

Conclusion: Dyslipidemia can be understood as a manifestation of Rasavaha Srotodushti due to Doṣa imbalance, impaired Agnibala, and lifestyle errors. Integrative understanding of this metabolic condition through Āyurvedic principles enhances diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for sustainable health care delivery.

Keywords: Rasavaha Srotas, Dyslipidemia, Agnidushti, Āma, Doṣa, Srotodushti

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
Nirmala Joshi, PhD Scholar, PG Department of Rachana Sharir, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Rishikul Campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.
Email: 		Joshi N, Goswami M, Understanding Dyslipidemia as a disease of Rasavaha Srotas. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2025;10(8):106-113.
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https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/4583/

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2025-06-18 2025-06-28 2025-07-08 2025-07-18 2025-07-28
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
None Nil Not required 4

© 2025 by Joshi N, Goswami M and Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

J Ayu Int Med Sci 2025;10(8)106
Download PDFBack To ArticleIntroductionAim and ObjectivesMaterials and MethodsReview of LiteratureResult and FindingsDiscussionConclusionReferences

Introduction

In Āyurveda, the concept of health (Svastha) revolves around the equilibrium of Doṣa, Dhātu, Mala, and the proper functioning of Agni and Srotas. Among the Srotas, Rasavaha Srotas is regarded as the foremost channel that governs the transportation of Rasa Dhātu - the primary nourishing essence derived from digested food. Any impairment in the function of this Srotas can lead to improper distribution of nutrients and subsequent development of systemic disorders. Thus, Rasavaha Srotas plays a foundational role in the sustenance of bodily tissues and overall vitality.1

Dyslipidemia is a leading global health concern, contributing significantly to the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). According to the World Health Organization, elevated total cholesterol accounts for approximately 4.4 million deaths globally, with the highest prevalence in South Asia and the Western Pacific region. In India, the prevalence of dyslipidemia has surged due to urbanization, unhealthy dietary habits, lack of physical activity, and stress. Population-based studies, such as the ICMR-INDIAB study, reported that over 70% of the urban Indian population exhibit at least one abnormal lipid parameter. This rising trend emphasizes the need for integrative approaches that include Āyurvedic principles for early intervention and lifestyle correction.[2]

Rasavaha Srotas originates from the Hridaya (heart) and Dashadhamanis according to classical texts, and is functionally interlinked with the activities of Rasadhātvagni. If this metabolic fire becomes deranged due to Doṣic imbalance, particularly of Kapha and Meda, or accumulation of Āma, the normal formation and circulation of Rasa becomes vitiated. Such pathological events are responsible for Srotorodha (obstruction in channels) and can be correlated to lipid accumulation and circulation abnormalities observed in dyslipidemia.[3]

In conditions such as Medoroga, Sthoulya, and Prameha, which are attributed to Kapha-Meda Doṣa Pradhāna Vyādhis, a similar pathogenesis involving Rasavaha and Medovaha Srotas is evident. Dyslipidemia, although a modern term, shares clinical features with these disorders, including increased body fat, lethargy, and sluggish metabolism - which are classical outcomes of deranged Rasa Dhātu processing.

These correlations indicate that dyslipidemia is deeply rooted in the malfunction of Rasavaha Srotas due to Agnidushti, Āma accumulation, and sedentary habits.[4]

Management of such Rasavaha Srotodushti disor-ders in Āyurveda involves use of Dīpanīya (diges-tive stimulants), Pācana (digestive correctives), Āmapācana, and Srotoshodhana (channel-cleans-ing) therapies. In addition, Rasāyana drugs are used to rejuvenate & nourish Dhātus. Lifestyle modifica-tion (Dinacharya, Ritucharya), regulated diet (Ahāra Vidhi), and proper behavioral conduct (Sadvṛtta) form cornerstone of preventive care. These founda-tional principles support understanding of dyslipi-demia not as an isolated lipid disor. but as systemic expression of impaired Rasavaha Srotas.[5]

Aim and Objectives

Aim:

To establish a conceptual correlation between dyslipidemia and Rasavaha Srotodushti based on Āyurvedic principles.

Objectives:

1. To review the classical concept of Rasavaha Srotas and its physiological functions.
2. To analyze the Āyurvedic pathogenesis (Samprāpti) of dyslipidemia in terms of Doṣa, Dhātu, Mala, and Srotas.
3. To identify clinical similarities between dyslipidemia and Rasavaha Srotodushti conditions.
4. To explore Āyurvedic preventive and therapeutic approaches for managing dyslipidemia.

Materials and Methods

Type of Study

Conceptual and Analytical Review-Based Study.

Source of Data

1. Primary Sources:

  • Classical Āyurvedic texts such as Charaka Saṁhitā, Suśruta Saṁhitā, Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya, and relevant Teekās (commentaries).
  • Nighaṇṭus and contemporary Āyurvedic

2. Secondary Sources:

  • Modern medical literature including textbooks and peer-reviewed articles on dyslipidemia, lipid metabolism, and cardiovascular health.

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  • Indexed journals (PubMed, Scopus) and online databases for evidence-based correlation.
  • Guidelines from WHO, ICMR, and international lipid associations.

Methodology

  • Detailed literary review of Rasavaha Srotas and its physiological and pathological aspects in Āyurveda.
  • Compilation and comparative analysis of dyslipidemia symptoms and pathogenesis with Āyurvedic disorders such as Medoroga, Sthaulya, and Prameha.
  • Identification of overlapping clinical features and causative factors (e.g., faulty diet, sedentary lifestyle, Agnidushti).
  • Analytical discussion to develop an integrative model of understanding dyslipidemia as Rasavaha Srotodushti.

Review of Literature

Āyurvedic management based on classical Chikitsā Sthāna principles.

Table 1: Historical Review related to Dyslipidemia and Rasavaha Srotas

SNClassical/
Modern Source		ReferenceKey Concept Related to Dyslipidemia / Rasavaha Srotas
1.Charaka Saṁhitā, Sūtra SthānaCh. Su. 28/4Description of Srotas, their types, origin and Srotodushti Lakṣaṇas.
2.Charaka Saṁhitā, Vimāna SthānaCh. Vi. 5/24Agnidushti as root cause of all diseases including Āma formation.
3.Charaka Saṁhitā, Cikitsā SthānaCh. Ci. 15/44Medoroga as a disorder caused by Kapha, Āma and Meda Dhātu imbalance.
4.Suśruta Saṁhitā, Sharīra SthānaSu. Śā. 9/12Origin of Rasavaha Srotas from Hridaya and Dashadhamanis.
5.Ashtāṅga Hṛdaya, Sūtra SthānaA.H. Su. 11/3–5Importance of Dīpana, Pācana, and Vihāra in metabolic disorders.
6.Mādhava Nidāna, Medoroga NidānaM.N. 34/1–5Clinical features and Nidāna of Medoroga corresponding with lipid disorders.
7.Bhāvaprakāśa NighaṇṭuBh. Pr. Madhura VargaDescription of Rasavardhaka and Medovardhaka Dravyas and their effects.
8.World Health Organization (WHO)WHO Global Health Report, 2023Dyslipidemia is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
9.ICMR-INDIAB StudyIndian Journal of Medical Research, 2014High prevalence of dyslipidemia in urban Indian population (>70%).
10.National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP-ATP III)NIH, USA, 2002Classification and clinical management guidelines of dyslipidemia.

Ayurvedic Review

Rasavaha Srotas

Āyurveda classifies the human body into multiple channels (Srotas) that are responsible for the transportation of various bodily constituents. Among these, Rasavaha Srotas is the foremost and most vital, as it governs the flow of Rasa Dhātu, the primary essence derived from digested food (Āhāra Rasa). The healthy state of Rasa Dhātu ensures nourishment to all successive Dhātus, making the functional integrity of Rasavaha Srotas crucial for systemic health.[6]

Derivation and Definition

The word Rasavaha Srotas is derived from two Sanskrit terms:

  • Rasa = the essence or plasma part of digested food
  • Vaha = to carry or transport
  • Srotas = a channel or pathway

Hence, Rasavaha Srotas refers to the pathway that carries Rasa Dhātu throughout the body to nourish all tissues.

Anatomical Correlation

According to Suśruta Saṁhitā, Rasavaha Srotas originates from:

  • Mūla (Root): Hridaya (heart) and Dashadhamani (ten great vessels) ( Śā. 9/12)

These structures correlate with the cardiovascular system and lymphatic channels in modern anatomy. The movement of Rasa Dhātu through these channels resembles the circulation of plasma and lymph in modern physiology.[7]

Physiological Role

  • Transportation of Āhāra Rasa (nutritional fluid) after digestion.
  • Primary nourishment of all Dhātus, starting with Rasa Dhātu.
  • Regulation of Pitta and Kapha through its association with Hridaya and Jīvanashakti.
  • Acts as a medium for Rasa distribution to Upadhātus and Ojas.[8]

Pathological Srotodusti

Rasavaha Srotodushti may occur due to the following causes:


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Hetu (Causative factors):

  • Excessive intake of Guru, Snigdha, Madhura, and Āma-producing
  • Sedentary lifestyle, emotional stress, and suppression of natural urges.

Lakṣaṇa (Symptoms):

  • Loss of appetite, heaviness, fatigue, Āma formation, and early signs of metabolic syndrome.

Types of Dushti:

  • Atipravṛtti - Hyperpermeability or excessive flow
  • Sanga - Obstruction due to Āma or Kapha
  • Vimarga Gamana - Diversion of Rasa into abnormal pathways
  • Sira Granthi – Microchannel blockages

Clinical Correlation

Impairment of Rasavaha Srotas is reflected in conditions like:

  • Āma, Agnimāndya, and Medoroga
  • Sthaulya (obesity) and Prameha (metabolic disorders)
  • Dyslipidemia - correlating with Kapha Medo Dushti in Rasavaha and Medovaha Srotas

Chikitsā Sthāna

Management of Rasavaha Srotodushti involves:

  • Dīpanīya and Pācana drugs - e.g., Śunṭhī, Pippalī, Trikaṭu
  • Āmapācana - Removal of metabolic toxins
  • Srotoshodhana - Purification of channels using Pañcakarma
  • Rasāyana - Rejuvenation and strengthening of Rasa Dhātu
  • Ahāra-Vihāra - Lifestyle and dietary modifications

Rasavaha Srotas is a fundamental physiological entity that governs the transportation of nutritive fluid and maintains systemic equilibrium. Its impairment reflects in numerous metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia, which can be interpreted as Rasavaha Srotodushti with Kapha-Meda Doṣa predominance. Understanding and managing such disorders through Āyurvedic principles offers a preventive and curative approach grounded in traditional science.[9]

Modern Review

Dyslipidemia is a clinical condition characterized by abnormalities in lipid levels in the blood. It includes elevated total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and/or decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).

These lipid abnormalities play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.[10]

Classification of Dyslipidemia

Dyslipidemia can be broadly categorized as:

Based on Lipid Profile Abnormality:

  • Hypercholesterolemia: Elevated total cholesterol and/or LDL-C
  • Hypertriglyceridemia: Elevated triglycerides
  • Mixed Dyslipidemia: Elevated cholesterol and triglycerides
  • Low HDL-C: Isolated or associated with other abnormalities

Based on Cause:

  • Primary (Genetic): Familial hypercholesterolemia, familial combined hyperlipidemia
  • Secondary (Acquired): Associated with diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, liver disorders, alcohol abuse, certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids, antipsychotics).[11]

Etiology and Risk Factors

Lifestyle-Related

  • High intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and refined carbohydrates
  • Physical inactivity
  • Obesity, especially central (visceral) obesity
  • Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption12

Genetic Factors

  • Mutations in genes involved in lipid metabolism (e.g., LDL receptor gene)
  • Positive family history of dyslipidemia or early cardiovascular events.[13]

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Medical Conditions

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
  • Hypothyroidism
  • Chronic kidney or liver disease1

Pathophysiology

Dyslipidemia contributes to the development of atherosclerosis by:

  • Promoting endothelial dysfunction
  • Facilitating oxidation of LDL-C, which is taken up by macrophages to form foam cells
  • Contributing to plaque formation and vascular inflammation
  • Leading to reduced arterial elasticity and plaque rupture, resulting in myocardial infarction or stroke[14]

Clinical Features

Dyslipidemia is usually asymptomatic and often detected during routine blood tests. However, in severe or long-standing cases, it may present with:

  • Xanthomas: Lipid deposits in skin/tendons
  • Xanthelasma: Yellowish plaques around eyelids
  • Corneal arcus: White-gray ring around the cornea
  • Pancreatitis: In cases of very high triglyceride levels[15]

Diagnostic Criteria

Lipid profile is assessed after 9–12 hours of fasting. Key parameters include:

Lipid ParameterDesirable Level (mg/dL)
Total Cholesterol< 200
LDL-C< 100 (optimal)
HDL-C> 40 (men), > 50 (women)
Triglycerides< 150

Advanced testing may include:

  • Apolipoprotein B
  • Lipoprotein (a)
  • hs-CRP for cardiovascular risk

Complications

If untreated, dyslipidemia significantly increases the risk of:

  • Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
  • Myocardial Infarction (MI)
  • Ischemic Stroke
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
  • Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
  • Acute pancreatitis (if TG > 1000 mg/dL)[16]

Management

Lifestyle Modifications

1. Diet:

  • Low in saturated fat and cholesterol
  • Rich in fiber, whole grains, fruits, vegetables
  • Omega-3 fatty acids from fish or flaxseed

2. Exercise:

  • At least 150 minutes/week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity[17]

3. Weight management
4. Smoking cessation
5. Limiting alcohol intake

Pharmacological Treatment

Indicated based on LDL-C levels, presence of comorbidities, and cardiovascular risk:

Drug ClassExamplesEffect
StatinsAtorvastatin, Rosuvastatin↓ LDL-C, ↓ TG, ↑ HDL-C
FibratesFenofibrate, Gemfibrozil↓ TG, ↑ HDL-C
NiacinNicotinic Acid↓ TG, ↑ HDL-C
Bile Acid SequestrantsCholestyramine↓ LDL-C
PCSK9 InhibitorsEvolocumab, AlirocumabProfound ↓ in LDL-C
EzetimibeEzetimibe↓ Cholesterol absorption

Note: Statins remain the cornerstone of dyslipidemia treatment due to their efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events.

Prevention

  • Routine screening starting at age 20 and repeated every 4–6 years
  • Early intervention in high-risk individuals (family history, diabetes, hypertension)
  • Education on dietary habits and physical activity from a young age
  • Use of cardiovascular risk calculators (e.g., ASCVD risk score) for guiding therapy

Dyslipidemia is a silent but critical modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.


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Early detection through lipid profiling, comprehe-nsive lifestyle changes, and appropriate pharmaco-logical intervention can effectively prevent complica-tions like heart attack and stroke. A multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, dietitians, and patients themselves is essential for optimal lipid control and long-term health outcomes.[18]

Role of Dyslipidemia as a disease of Rasavaha Srotas[19]

Dushita Ahāra & Vihāra (Diet & Lifestyle)
↓
Mandāgni (Weakened Digestive Fire)
↓
Āma Formation (Toxins)
↓
Vitiation of Kapha & Meda Doṣa
↓
Dushti of Rasavaha Srotas (Obstruction, Sanga)
↓
Abnormal Rasadhātu Formation & Distribution
↓
Srotorodha (Channel Blockage)
↓
Lipid Accumulation in Circulation
↓
Dyslipidemia Manifestation
↓
Progression to Medoroga / Sthaulya / Prameha

Result and Findings

1. A clear conceptual correlation was established between dyslipidemia and Rasavaha Srotodushti, based on similarities in pathogenesis and clinical presentation.
2. Dyslipidemia reflects deranged Rasa Dhātu formation due to Agnimāndya, Āma accumulation, and Kapha-Meda Doṣa vitiation, which are classical features of Rasavaha Srotodushti.
3. Conditions like Medoroga, Sthaulya, and Prameha described in Āyurveda closely parallel the features of dyslipidemia, especially in terms of fat metabolism disorders and systemic effects.
4. Classical symptoms of Srotodushti such as heaviness (Gaurava), lethargy (Ālasya), and poor tissue nourishment were found to correlate with symptoms observed in dyslipidemia.
5. Āyurvedic therapeutic principles such as Dīpana, Pācana, Srotoshodhana, and Medohara Chikitsā were identified as suitable management approaches for dyslipidemia.

6. A holistic and integrative framework for understanding and managing dyslipidemia was proposed, combining Āyurvedic pathophysiology with modern biomedical understanding.

Discussion

The concept of Rasavaha Srotas in Āyurveda encompasses the entire physiological process of nutrient assimilation and primary circulation of the Rasa Dhātu, which nourishes all the succeeding Dhātus. When the functional integrity of this Srotas is compromised, it leads to nutritional and metabolic disorders. Dyslipidemia, though not explicitly mentioned in classical Āyurvedic texts, aligns with the pathophysiology of Rasavaha Srotodushti, where improper Rasa formation and circulation occur due to weakened Agnibala, accumulation of Āma, and Doṣic vitiation—particularly of Kapha and Meda.[20]

In modern medicine, dyslipidemia is primarily characterized by abnormal levels of circulating lipids, which significantly increase the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This state reflects an internal metabolic imbalance, which can be interpreted in Āyurveda as the result of Mandāgni and Āma formation, disrupting the conversion of Rasa into healthy Dhātus. The improper processing of Āhāra Rasa due to deranged Rasāgni results in unctuous, heavy Rasa Dhātu that predisposes the Rasavaha and Medovaha Srotas to obstruction (Srotorodha), eventually leading to lipid deposition in the circulatory system.[21]

Furthermore, classical disorders such as Medoroga, Sthaulya, and Prameha illustrate striking clinical parallels with dyslipidemia, including increased body weight, fatigue, heaviness, and metabolic inefficiency. These conditions stem from vitiated Kapha and Meda Dhātu, which are also prominent in the pathology of dyslipidemia. Therefore, it is reasonable to interpret dyslipidemia as an early stage or contributing component of these systemic disorders in Āyurveda, specifically linked to the dysfunction of Rasavaha Srotas.[22]

Therapeutic strategies in Āyurveda focus on restoring Agnibala, eliminating Āma, clearing Srotas obstructions, and stabilizing Doṣas through Dīpana, Pācana, Śodhana, and Rasāyana therapies. These approaches not only target lipid regulation but also aim for systemic balance.


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When combined with modern lifestyle modifications and evidence-based interventions, this integrative model offers a comprehensive solution for managing dyslipidemia and preventing its complications. Understanding dyslipidemia through the lens of Rasavaha Srotas provides a holistic framework for early intervention, personalized therapy, and long-term metabolic harmony.[23]

Conclusion

Dyslipidemia, a major metabolic disorder in modern medicine, finds a meaningful and holistic interpretation in Āyurveda through the concept of Rasavaha Srotodushti. It arises from impaired digestion (Agnimāndya), accumulation of Āma, and vitiation of Kapha and Meda Doṣa, leading to abnormal Rasa Dhātu formation and lipid imbalance. Viewing dyslipidemia as a manifestation of Rasavaha Srotas dysfunction not only broadens our understanding of its root causes but also provides a comprehensive, preventive, and individualized approach to management. Integration of Āyurvedic dietary, lifestyle, and therapeutic principles with modern clinical strategies can effectively control dyslipidemia and reduce its long-term complications.

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