E-ISSN:2456-3110

Review Article

Nityasamshleshitha Dosha

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2023 Volume 8 Number 12 December
Publisherwww.maharshicharaka.in

A bird’s eye view on the concept of Nityasamshleshitha Dosha

Rashmi BM1*
DOI:10.21760/jaims.8.12.32

1* B M Rashmi, Assistant Professor, Roga Nidana Vikruti Vignyana, Shri Jagadguru Gavisiddeshwara Ayurvedic Medical College, Koppal, Karnataka, India.

Ayurveda is a time-tested science of life, which is a treasure of knowledge, explains about the homeostasis of Dosha, Dhatu and Malas in our body. Diseases are as old as life, Disease is very old nothing has changed, it is we who changed. They are nothing but the permutation and combination of the various components of the body in vitiated state. Roganidana is the prime subject that reveals the complete process of the disease in the given patient and then the medicine is decided. The word Nityasamshleshita Dosha is used synonymous with the word Leena Dosha. Leena Dosha is a unique concept explained in Ayurveda, which plays a pivotal role in the manifestation of the disease. We find this concept explained in scattered references of Ayurveda literature explained by our Bruhatrayees. Leena Dosha Avastha is considered as a latent phase of the disease, and if the physician understands this concept in a right time, physician can easily treat the disease properly without a failure in treatment approach. This present article is intended to introduce the synonymous word to Leena Dosha as per the new syllabus of Roganidana (framed by NCISM) and to highlight the Ayurvedic aspect of Nityasamshleshita Dosha Avastha in an elaborated form.

Keywords: Nityasamshleshita Dosha, Leenadosha, Avastha, Latent phase.

Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse
B M Rashmi, Assistant Professor, Roga Nidana Vikruti Vignyana, Shri Jagadguru Gavisiddeshwara Ayurvedic Medical College, Koppal, Karnataka, India.
Email: 		Rashmi BM, A bird’s eye view on the concept of Nityasamshleshitha Dosha. J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2023;8(12):218-221.
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https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/2965

Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted
2023-10-11 2023-10-21 2023-11-01 2023-11-08 2023-11-18
Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note
None declared. Nil. yes. 13.25 none

© 2023by Rashmi BMand Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0].

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Rashmi B.M. A bird’s eye view on the concept of Nityasamshleshitha Dosha

Introduction

Ayurveda is the ancient science of life, that deals with the concepts of Panchamahabhutas, Tridoshas, Saptadhatus and Trimalas. Nityasamshleshita Dosha can be understood as a synonymous word for Leena Dosha having same meaning. Knowledge of Nityasamshleshita Dosha, plays a pivotal role in the proper understanding of the disease, which is least discussed or focussed in our clinical practice. Thus, understanding the term Leena is very much essential to plan proper treatment and to achieve success. “Leena /Nityasamshleshita” as the word indicates the meaning “merged” (Antarbhava), Concealed (Lukkayita Hidden) or to some extent “Attached” (Sanga).[1] So literally “Leena Dosha” indicates- when Dosha or Doshas attached or merged or concealed in Dhatus (Dushya) - so that the vitiation is there but the symptoms of the disease are least expressed or not even expressed (Dosha Prabhava is there, but its symptoms are not expressed). In this Avastha Doshas are in dormant phase and cannot fulfil the steps of Samprapti for the manifestation of the disease, they will wait for the favourable conditions to express the Lakshanas.

Acharya Charaka has explained this wonderfully in the following phase - Adhisheteyatha Bhoomim Beejam Kale Cha Rohati / Adhishetetatha Dhatum Doshaha Kale Cha Kupyati // Savriddhimbalakaalam Cha Prapyadoshatriteeyakam / [2]

Here he explains as the Beeja when it is deep seated inside the Bhoomi it will hold back until favourable time (i.e., water, sunlight and wind) is not arrived similarly Doshas will reside in the Dhatus until favourable environment (Bala, Kala etc.) has arrived then only they will produce disease. The term Leena has been expressed in our Brihatrayees with reference to some of the diseases which we will discuss later. Diagnosis and understanding of the disease are of prime relevance in the field of medicine. Leena Dosha is the most enticing concept in the modulation of the disease.

Aim and Objectives

1. To review the concept of Nityasamshleshita Dosha (Leena Dosha) as per Ayurveda literature in scattered references of Bruhatrayees.
2. To learn Leena Dosha Avastha in various diseases.
3. To know contemporary trace to Leena Dosha.

Materials and Methods

Present article is compiled from classical texts of Ayurveda with commentary (Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, Astanga Hrudaya, Ayurveda Deepika Vyakhya, Nibandha Sangraha Vyakhya) and internet sources has been referred and variety of scientific search databases.

Definition of Leena Dosha

Leena Dosha is a state where the Doshas are attached or concealed in Dhatus.[3] The symptoms in such conditions are least expressed or even not expressed.

Leenamiti Anutklishtam - i.e., Doshas are not in Utklishta Avastha (active phase/ to expel).[4]

Gunas (characteristics) of Leena Dosha

1. Ekadeshita - localised in one place with dhatus and srotasas.[5]
2. Anutwa - minutest form.[6]
3. Dhatvantarashrita - deep concealed inside Dhatus.[7]
4. Utklishta Avastha - Doshas are not in Utklishta / active phase.[8]

It is said when Doshas are in Leena Avastha (not in Utklishta), diseases are not fully manifested. So, during Leena Dosha Avastha, Shodhana Karma is contra-indicated. If Physician conducts Shodhana Karma without the sound knowledge of Leena Dosha Avastha, that can demolish the human body.[9]

In Taruna Jwara, if Doshas are in Anupasthitavastha (Anutklishtavasta as per Chakrapani) and physician prescribes Vamana to Rogi then it will cause severe Vyadhis like Hrudroga, Anaha, Shwasa and Moha.[10]

Asthanga Sangrahakara has explained pseudo hunger i.e., Dushta Bhubhuksha as - when taken food is covered by Doshas especially Vata and Kapha it became Leena in Udara and because of Drava Gunatmaka Pitta patient feels hunger and keep eating constantly.[11]

1. Grahani Roga

In Grahani Roga periodically Doshas will be in Anutklishtaavastha in Pakvashaya due to Agnimandya. So, it is advised to give Deepana Dravyas to make it in Pakvaavastha, then Virechaka Aushadi is given to expel the Doshas.


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Rashmi B.M. A bird’s eye view on the concept of Nityasamshleshitha Dosha

If Amarasa Prasarana has taken place in whole body then Langhana and Pachana Dravyas are advised. [12]

2. Jwara

In Vishama Jwara; due to Dosha Kshaya, Jwara will manifest in Alpamatra (Sukshma) and will get Leena in Rasadi Dhatu due to which it will cause Karshya (lean), Vaivarnya (discoloration), Jadya (loss of enthusiasm), Gauravata (heaviness in the body) etc.[13]

Vishama Jwara will never leave the body of an individual. Intermittent fever will occur i.e., it will subside for a while then again it will reoccur and symptoms which are produced will be Glani (tiredness), Gaurava (heaviness), Karshya (lean). It will reside deep inside the Dhatus as it is very Sukshma (minute) in nature.[14]

3. Vilambika

Amadosha which is in Leena Avastha will cause Vilambika Roga. In this condition Vata and Kapha are Anubandha will cause symptoms similar to Amaajirna.[15]

4. Shwasa

In Shwasa first line of treatment is Shodhana Karma in Bahudoshavastha followed by Shamana Dhoopana. If the physician skips the Dhoopana Karma the Doshas will remain inside the body deep seated and will not show the Lakshanas but will wait for the favourable conditions that time Lakshanas will revert back.[16]

5. Apasmara

In Apasmara the Doshas will stay in Leena Avastha in Hridaya, Manovahasrotas, Indriya and Buddhi when get exposed to Kaamaadi Nidanas it will lead to episode of seizure. So here episodic attack of Apasmara is termed by Nityasamshleshita or Leena word.[17]

Contemporary trace to LeenaDosha[18]

In modern pathology, it can be comprehended through diseases like, herpes zoaster, herpes simplex, AIDS, malaria, epilepsy, filariasis, leprosy and many more diseases.

Ex: Pathology and mechanism of malaria manifestation: The vector female anopheles mosquitoes inoculate plasmodial sporozoites from salivary gland into host body (blood).

They invade hepatic parenchymal cell and progress to intrahepatic schizogony or merogony. The single sporozoite in hepatic cell, eventually proliferates and bursts. Further the motile merozoites are discharged into blood stream. Then it enters RBCs and multiply six to twenty times every 48-72hrs. When parasites reach 50 per each micro liter of blood, symptomatic stage of infection begins. In all cases of hepatic entry, there may not be division as some forms of plasmodial sporozoites remain dormant for a period ranging from weeks to years.

Conclusion

For understanding our science, it is important to understand the basic principles, among them Leena Dosha is one. During the pathogenesis of the disease, the Dosha will undergo various Avastha one such important Avastha is Leena Dosha Avastha which is mostly considered a latent phase of the disease. Leena Avastha can occur before (due to Saama Doshas) and after the treatment (Shesha Doshas) at any stage of disease. Even with the well adopted treatment Leena Avastha can be present in the body, to tackle this hurdle merging of textual as well as clinical practice is important. The Leenavastha in any disease can occur due to Svabhava of a disease or due Vyadhikshamatva or not following the first line of treatment i.e., Nidana Parivarjan. Leena Dosha concept has come in Shodhana prerequisite. And it is told that when Shodhana is to be done, Doshas must not be in the Leena Avastha.

Thus, it can be concluded, Nityasamshleshita or Leenadosha is a pathological state of concealed existence of Dosha.

It can arise from improper treatment, abstaining from therapy, nature of a disease, cause of a disease and abnormal immunity.

The term Leena has been quoted in the classics with reference to certain diseases. Some of them include Vishamajvara, Svasa, Grahani, Vilambika and Apasmara. In the clinical practice even more diseases can be included.

References

1. Monier Williams M. A Sanskrit English Dictionary. 1st ed. Reprint. New Delhi: Bharatiya Granth Niketan Publishers; 2007.p. 903.


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2. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita with chakrapanivirachita Ayurveda Deepikavyakhya, Ed by Vaidhya Y.T. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Chikitsa Sthan – 3/68, 404.

3. Susruta, Susruta Samhita with Nibandha Samgraha and Nyayachandrika commentaries, Ed. Vd. Y.T Acharya, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 2009 (Reprint), UttaraTantra.39/65:p676.

4. Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary. Ed. Acharya Y.T. Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan, Varanasi, 2009 (Reprint). Chikitsa Sthana. 15/75: p. 518.

5. Susruta samhita of sushruta with the Nibandhasangraha Commentary of Sri Dalhanaacharya and the Nyayachandrika Pankjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthan, Uttaratantra 39/65, 676.

6. Susruta Samhita with Nibandha Samgraha and Nyayachandrika commentaries. Ed. Vd. Y.T Acharya. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 2009 (Reprint). Uttara Tantra. 39/65: p. 676.

7. Susruta Samhita with Nibandha Samgraha and Nyayachandrika commentaries. Ed. Vd. Y.T Acharya. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 2009 (Reprint). Uttara Tantra. 39/65: p. 676.

8. Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary. Ed. Acharya Y.T. Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan, Varanasi, 2009 (Reprint). Sutra Sthana. 2/28: p. 201.

9. Ashtanga Hrudaya with Sarvanga Sundara Commentary. Ed. Acharya H.P. Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 2005 (Reprint). Sutra Sthana. 13/28: p.217.

10. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita with chakrapanivirachita Ayurveda Deepikavyakhya, Ed by Vaidhya Y.T.Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Chikitsa Sthan – 3/147,p.410.

11. Asthanga Samgraha by Vaghbhatacharya with Shahilekha tika;edited by Dr. Shivprasad Sharma; Cahukhamba Sanskrit Series Office Varanasi;2008; Sutra sthana 11/60.

12. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita with chakrapanivirachita Ayurveda Deepikavyakhya, Ed by Vaidhya Y.T.Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Chikitsa Sthan – 15/75,p. 518.

.

13. Astang Hrdaya Of Vagbhata, With the commenteries of Sarvangasundara of Arunadutta & Ayuvedarasayana of Hemadri, Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan, Nidanasthana 2/66,p. 461.

14. Susruta samhita of sushruta with the Nibandhasangraha Commentary Of Sri Dalhanaacharya and the Nyayachandrika Pankjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthan, Uttaratantra 39/64-65, p.676.

15. Astang Hrdaya Of Vagbhata, With the commenteries of Sarvangasundara of Arunadataa & Ayuveda Rasayana of Hemadri, Chaukhambha Surbharti Prakashan, Sutrasthana 8/28, p.153.

16. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita with chakrapanivirachita Ayurveda Deepikavyakhya, Ed by Vaidhya Y.T.Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Chikitsa Sthan – 17/77,p. 536.

17. Agnivesha, Charak Samhita with chakrapanivirachita Ayurveda Deepikavyakhya, Ed by Vaidhya Y.T.Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Nidanasthana- 8/4, p.226.

18. Illustrated textbook of Roganidana and Vikruti vigyana, Vol-1, chapter-15, Nityasamshleshita Dosha and paricchedita Dosha, 1st ed:2023, authored by Dr. Swagath.N., Chaukambha surabharati prakashan, Varanasi, p.134.


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