Medicinal plants of Bhavaprakasha Nighantu having Jwarahara (anti-pyretic), Shwasahara (anti-asthmatic) and Kasahara (anti-tussive) properties for the management of COVID 19 : A Review
Abstract
Aim: To find out effective plants from Bhavaprakasha Nighantu in the management of COVID 19 and their analysis on the basis of pharmacodynamics attributes and reported pharmacological activities. Background: COVID 19 is declared as a pandemic by W.H.O. which is affecting 216 countries. The graph of confirmed cases and deaths is rising day by day. Due to lack of definitive treatment, anti-virals are choice of drug along with other antimicrobial and supportive treatment. High grade fever, sore throat and difficulty in breathing are cardinal signs of its early stage. In Bhavaprakasha Nighantu various plants has been mentioned which are having Jwarahara (anti-pyretic), Shwasahara (anti-asthmatic) and Kasahara (anti-tussive) properties. A complete review of these plants with pharmacodynamic attributes (Rasa, Veerya, Vipaka) has been done form Bhavaprakasha Nighantu. The plants were further reviewed from PubMed for anti-viral, anti-pyretic, anti-tussive/anti-asthmatic and immunomodulatory activities to make it more scientific. Results: 22 plants were found which are having all these properties. Kutki [Picrorhiza kurroa Royale ex. Benth], Kiratatikta [Swertia chirayita (Roxb.) Buch. Ham.ex C.B.Clarke] and Guduchi [Tinospora sinensis (Lour) Merr.] etc. were found to be having immunomodulatory action. Kiratatikta, Guduchi, and Pippali [Piper longum L.] etc. were found having anti-pyretic activity. Kutki, Kiratatikta and Katphala [Myrica esculenta Buch. Ham. ex D. Don] etc. were found having beneficial for respiratory illnesses. Kutki, Kiratatikta, Haritaki, Aamalaki and Sariva [Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br. ex Schult] etc. were found having antiviral activities. Conclusion: 22 plants found to be effective in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu and they are also reported having pharmacological activities which are beneficial in COVID 19. Clinical Significance: Among these plants many are easily available and also in day-to-day practice. Thus, these plants and their combinations can be used in early stage of COVID 19 and also in later stages with minimised dose and drug interactions.
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