A critical review on Samana Vayu apropos regulation of Gastrointestinal Tract
Abstract
Ayurveda believes in the theory that whatever is present, in the external universe is also present in the human body. Understanding the factors that constitute the body provides knowledge regarding the factors which are responsible for its well-being. The complete physiological action of the body can consolidate in Dosha, Dhatus, and Malas, these three are the main constituents of the body. The Tridoshas", control the fundamental physiological functions of the body. Vata being supreme among the three Doshas, conducts and controls all the activities of the body through Vayu. The Samana Vayu lies near the Jatharagni and its Sancharsthan (effective area) is Kostha; its function is Grahana, Pachana, Vivechana, and Munchana of Anna Dravya and providing strength to Agni. Prana, Samana, and Apana are three types of Vayu, that assist Jatharagni in the process of Anna Pachana. In modern science, a lot of research has been done regarding the factors participating in the regulation of the gastrointestinal tract such as enzymes, hormones, nerves, etc. However, the exact role of Samana Vayu in the regulation of Agni and consequent absorption of different food materials and metabolism followed by excretion, etc. is not properly understood in Ayurveda, leading to confusion between the functions of Samana Vayu, Pachaka Pitta, Kledaka Kapha and even up to the excretory functions of Apana Vayu. This study aims to understand the role of Samana Vayu in the physiology of Pachana through Agni and its regulatory mechanism.
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