Tridosha Paradigm in Cancer pathogenesis: Integrating Ayurvedic Principles with Modern Oncology

Abstract

Whole medical systems typically rely on foundational texts and constitute comprehensive frameworks of theory and practice that have developed alongside biomedicine.^[1] Ayurveda, an ancient system of medicine, posits that health results from a balance of three fundamental energies, or Doshas: Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. Cancer remains a formidable challenge in modern medicine, characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation. While contemporary approaches focus on molecular and genetic mechanisms, traditional medical systems like Ayurveda offer holistic perspectives. In the human body, Doshas govern physiological and psychological functions, and their imbalance is considered pivotal in disease manifestation, including cancer. Ayurvedic principles emphasize personalized therapies aimed at restoring Dosha equilibrium through diet, lifestyle modifications, herbal remedies, and detoxification procedures. Integrating Ayurvedic insights with conventional cancer treatments holds promise for comprehensive patient care, potentially enhancing therapeutic outcomes and quality of life. The study aimed to establish the interface between cancer biology and Ayurvedic concepts, highlighting opportunities for synergistic approaches in combating this multifaceted disease. This paper explores the theoretical framework of Ayurveda and its potential implications for understanding the etiology, progression, and treatment of cancer (Arbuda). The three primary ancient texts are the Charaka Samhita, which focuses on the fundamental principles of Ayurveda and internal medicine,^[2] the Sushruta Samhitas, which cover surgical techniques and medical concepts,^[3] and the Ashtanga Hridaya, a condensed and poetic summary of the first two texts.^[4] Drawing from both ancient wisdom and modern scientific insights, this review synthesizes existing research to elucidate the interplay between cancer and the concept of Tridosha.