Role of Ayurveda in Kushtha: A Literary Review

Abstract

Skin the outer covering of the body and is the largest organ of the body. The skin acts as protective barrier against physical, chemical and biological external agent. Skin disorders are among the most common health issues seen in clinical practice. Kushtha is a broad term which covers almost all the skin disease in Ayurveda. Kushtha is one of the dermatological disorders mentioned in all ancient Ayurvedic texts and it develops mutilation in the skin and develops deformity in the skin structures. Rakta Dusti is the main cause of Twak Vikaras with vitiation of Tridosha, Rasa, Mamsa, Ambu. Abnormal interaction of vitiated doshas with Rasadi tissues causes abnormal complexion of the skin and produces the deformity of tissues. Incompatible diet and activities associated with sinful activities leads to development of Kushtha. Sushruta was the first one who clearly described that Kushtha caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome, especially a condition that is present from birth (congenital) and it is passed down from the parents' genes. There are two main categories of Kustha mentioned i.e., Mahakushtha and Kshudrakushtha depending on the Dhatugatavastha (involvement of the tissues) and signs and symptoms of the diseases. Acharyas have mentioned Shodhana and Shaman Chikitsa in Kushtha, especially Panchakarma therapy.