Classical and modern drug extraction techniques: facts and figures
Abstract
In present era, herbal extract succeeds inimitable place in pharmaceutical science. In view back the earliest extraction techniques are lost in the mists of history. As time went the plants have been processed by grinding, boiling or immersing. The systemic presentation of Ayurvedic extraction system has been first time familiarized by Acharya Charaka as Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana (five basic primary dosage forms) and based upon these primary dosage forms, secondary dosage forms are developed by using different heating pattern for extraction of pharmacological active ingredients. The administration of these dosage forms is mainly dependent on the Bala (strength) of Vyadhi (disease) and Atura (patient). Due to increased demand of Ayurvedic medicines and industrialization, the transformation of classical dosage forms takes place by implanting a wide range of technologies with different methods of extraction include conventional techniques such as maceration, percolation, infusion, decoction, hot continuous extraction etc. and recently, alternative methods like ultrasound assisted solvent extraction (UASE), microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) and supercritical fluid extractions (SFE). The extract obtained by these procedure uses as a large source of therapeutic phyto-chemicals that may lead to the development of novel drugs. Essentially, the purpose behind this changing face in both the extraction systems are different but can say that it is a new insight from ancient essence.
Downloads
References
Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, KalpaSthana12/48, Vidhyotini Tika, Part 1, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2000,page862.
Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Sutra Sthana 4/7, Vidhyotini Tika, Part 1, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2000, page 57.
Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Sutra Sthana 4/7, Vidhyotini Tika, Part 1, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2000,page57.
Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 1.2, page 26.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhamala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda, Chapter 1/2, page 137.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhamala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 2/1, page 144.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhamala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 4/1, page 172.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhamala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 3/1, page 170.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhamala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 2/150, page 164.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 2/161, page 167.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 2/157, page 165.
Govindadas, Bhaishaya Ratnavali, Kaviraj Shree Ambikadatta Shashtri, Choukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, 2002, Chapter 5/1341, page 136.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 3/9, page 171.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 3/12, page 172.
Anonymous, The Ayurvedic formulary of India, Govt of India, Ministry of health and family welfare, New Delhi, part II, 1st edition, page 41.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 8/1, page 206.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 9/1, page 212.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 10/1, page 232.
S. Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 1.2.1.1, page 22.
S. Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 1.2.1.2, page22.
S. Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 1.2.1.3, page22.
S. Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 1.2.1.4, page 23.
S. Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 1.2.1.4, page 24.
S. Handa, S. Khanuja, G. Longo, D. Rakesh, Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants, International Centre For Science and High Technology Trieste, 2008 3.6.1.1.1, page 82.
Sharangadhara, Sharangdhara Samhita, with the commentary Adhmala’s Dipika and Kashiram’s Gudhartha Dipika, edited by Pt. Parshuram Shastri, Choukhamba Orientellia, Varanasi, 2005, Madhyama Khanda Chapter 9/3, page 212.
Agnivesha, Charaka Samhita, Vimana Sthana 7/17, Vidhyotini Tika, Part 1, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2000, page 614.
Adhamalla on Sharangadhara Samhita, Madhyama Khanda 2/2, Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi, 2005, page144.
Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) retains the copyright of the contents of this journal but grant the readers the right to use the contents with terms and conditions under a creative common attribution licenses 4 of Attribution, Share Alike and Non-commercial type (CC BY-NC-SA) that allows copy, distribute, display, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
