Study of Nidra w.s.r. to Bhutadhatri Nidra

Abstract

To keep the balance of the body, there is description of three Upastambha. The three Upasthambha are Ahara, Nidra and Bramhacharya, which glorifies Nidra as an essential factor for a healthy life. Nidra (sleep) is very crucial for day -to- day life and also for physical & mental wellness of human being. A multi-dimensional approach to Nidra is found in Ayurvedic literature where many Acharyas have given their precious pronouncements and directives regarding sleep. In Samhitas, Nidra and Swapna are regarded as equivalent in many places but Vata and Raja collectively causes Swapna which is termed as Swapna Darshan (dreaming). Qualitative and quantitative sleep that occurs in proper time is appreciated as “Bhutadhatri Nidra” in Ayurveda. It rejuvenates and re-energizes body as well as mind while improper sleep can give rise to harmful effects on health. This article is designed to provide a comprehensive review of concepts, mechanism & effect of Nidra on human body by collecting the facts and information based on Ayurveda classics. In the era of modernization, sedentary life-style and desk bound professions; people are more prone to diseases like diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension, heart diseases etc. due to their faulty sleeping habits. Nidranasha (insomnia), Atinidra (hypersomnia), Akala Nidra (untimely sleeping habits), Diva Swapna (day sleep/ narcolepsy), Ratri Jagaran (awakening at night) etc. deteriorate their overall health. In ancient times Yogis like Arjun and Laxman had conquered sleep and achieved their goal without facing any noticeable health issues. In contemporary world the concept of Yoga Nidra is brought into vogue due to its beneficial effects on human health. Hence it is always necessary to understand the concept of Nidra, factors affecting it and its role in sustaining a healthy life.